الفهرس 
الفصل الأول: مدخل إلى الدراسةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The issue of informal settlements has become one of the most serious issues facing Egyptian society in recent times, and the issue is becoming more serious because its residents do not recognize the law as civil legislation and social control, so strength and bullying become the recognized characteristics of the residents of those areas, and in these circumstances generations of children may grow, and may be exposed The child during his social upbringing in these areas for some psychological pressures that result in some negative behaviors such as aggression and frequent anger and introversion, in addition to what children in this period see on satellite channels of violence and clashes with weapons and wars and are reflected in their behavior Vig At the core of their behavior is verbal and physical aggression towards oneself and others. This is because the main pillars of the personality consist in the first years of the child’s life for what it will be in the future, and at this stage it is vulnerable to those around him Positive or negative.
The aggressive behavior of children is one of the most important indicators of delinquency and apathy, and this type of behavior has received great attention from researchers; it is a alarm bell that predicts many problems facing the family, children and society alike, whether they are in the same age stage or in later life stages.
Primary schools are the only place that can maintain the upbringing of children under these harsh conditions. At this stage, the child’s personality is formed and developed in all its mental, emotional, and physical fields, and prepares them for proper preparation in accordance with their preferences, provides them with the basics of knowledge, and provides them By supporting the personality from values, directions, habits and principles; therefore, the current study has been directed to this category due to the ease of establishing principles in the early stages of human life, and to save what can be saved from cognitive deposits before they grow and develop with their stages of belief, believing that the human being is the axis of change.
The importance of art in treating stress and mental disorders is shown here, as a result of the relationship between art and mental health. Art has been described as a holistic method of treatment and is not used only for emotional ventilation, but it is used to improve the health and social development of individuals and to reduce the degree of depression and anxiety, in addition to It has proven its effectiveness with all ages.
The study Problem:
The aggressive behavior of schoolchildren has increased in most human societies, whether it is between students and their peers or between students and teachers, as has increased extremism and aggression among human groups in most of the countries of the world, which has led to the most dangerous phenomena of the times and is the organized international terrorism that threatens the security and stability of the peoples of the world. Therefore, interest in studying the sources of this dangerous phenomenon through studying the educational causes of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents has become urgent.
Aggressive behavior in the elementary stage is the most hindering factor for the child’s academic progress as it is one of the factors affecting other students. The aggressive child not only harms himself; it extends its harm to other children, we may notice some children who avoid participating in the classroom or other school activities, and sometimes they absent about the school because there is an aggressive child among them.
Given the importance of this stage and the educational, psychological and social implications that define the basic features of the human personality in general, one of the most important priorities for serious educational and psychological research is to pay attention to all that achieves the adaptation and proper development of the child at this stage; Children is a society without a future, and it is a rational society that chooses the path a child takes, as the great and criminal leader were children one day.
Through the work of the researcher in one of the schools located in the heart of a group of informal areas in Cairo, it was clear from the researcher ’s contact with the students that they have noticeable aggressive behavior that is marked by intensity and threatens the educational process in particular and society in general. As modifying the behavior of children at an early age needs to focus on the positive side of the behavior, support it, and address negative behavior through child-friendly activities.
That is why the current study comes in an attempt to overcome the aggressive behavior of primary school students through a counseling program prepared by the researcher specifically for that. Consistent with all of the above, the study problem can be identified in the following main question:
How effective is an art-based counseling program to reduce aggressive behavior in primary school students in slums?
The following sub-questions are branched from this question:
1- Are there statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group scores and the controlling group scores in the telemetry on the aggressive behavior scale?
2- Are there differences between the mean scores for the members of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements on the aggressive behavior scale?
3- Are there statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental group in the two dimensional and consecutive measurements on the aggressive behavior scale?
Objectives of the study:
The present study mainly aimed to reduce the aggressive behavior of primary school pupils in informal areas, and from this goal branched into secondary goals, which are as follows:
1- Preparing an art-based counseling program to reduce aggressive behavior among primary school students in slums and to verify their effectiveness.
2- Checking the effectiveness of the program a month after the end of the practical application.
The importance of studying:
First: in theory:
A- Shedding light on a counseling program that might have the effect of taking the hands of schoolchildren located in informal settlements to reduce their aggressive behavior.
B- Enriching the research heritage in the field of mental health and psychological counseling, by studying one of the most important dimensions of mental health, which is aggressive behavior.
C- Providing the Arab Library with a study aimed at building an educational-based mentoring program to reduce aggressive behavior among primary school students in informal settlements.
D- Shedding light on specific variables that were not treated together before - within the limits of the researcher’s knowledge - among students living in slums.
E- Coming out with a set of recommendations to be the nucleus of other studies in this field.
G- Thus, the theoretical importance is to enrich research in this field.
Second: In terms of application:
A- Providing educational institutions with information about schoolchildren in informal settlements, and using the scale in the future as a tool that can be used to modify aggressive behavior among primary school students.
B - Assisting community institutions in building counseling programs for schoolchildren in informal settlements in the light of the results of this study.
C - It contributes to the formation of normal citizens for society, which is reflected in the low crime rates in informal areas in particular and society in general.
D- You can benefit from the results of this study in setting a program for social, psychological and educational development for these students in a way that improves mental health and psychological environmental enrichment for them.
T- He drew the attention of local officials and planning leaders to the extent of the problem, as well as the relevant bodies and authorities, to the suffering of students living in these slums.
G- Program activities can contribute to the use of relatively recent counseling and treatment programs in the field of counseling and psychotherapy.
K- Discovering talents in slums, and enriching culture in society.
L - Implanting the aesthetic values of the inhabitants of the slums, which leads to the self-development of these areas aesthetically through their members without interference from civil institutions and wasting the state’s public money.
F- This study, in addition to the previous foreign and Arab studies on that subject, can contribute to establishing an educational scientific base that contributes to the advancement of children in slums, and from which other future studies provide a great amount of data and information that are essential for any plans.
The study sample:
The sample of the study consisted of (12) pupils from the elementary stage in (Aleilm Wal’iiman School) that affiliated to (Albasatin and Dar Al Salam) Educational Administration in Cairo Governorate. Between (9-12) years, with an average age of (10.33) years, and a standard deviation (1,073).
Study Approach:
The present study follows the semi-experimental approach through conducting pre-, post- and tracer measurements
The experimental method was used, as it is appropriate to the nature and objectives of the study, where the sample was divided into two equal groups, one experimental and the other, to identify the effectiveness of an art-based counseling program to reduce aggressive behavior among primary school pupils in informal areas
By using both the pre and post measurements of both groups on the study variables, the assumptions can be validated. The aggressive behavior represents the dependent variable, and the indicative program based on independent variable art.
The limits of the study:
Spatial limits:
All sessions of the instructional program based on art were carried out at (Aleilm Wal’iiman School) that affiliated to (Albasatin and Dar Al Salam) Educational Administration in Cairo Governorate
Time limits:
The researcher applied the counseling program during the period from (17/11/2019) to (26/12/2019) for a period of about a month and a half, as the number of sessions reached (30) sessions, with five sessions per week; from (45) minutes to (90) minutes.
Study tools:
1- Aggressive behavior scale (prepared by the researcher).
2- An instructional program based on art (prepared by the researcher).
Hypotheses of study:
1- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean levels of the experimental group scores and the controlling group’s scores in the post-measurement on the aggressive behavior scale In the direction of the scores of the control group members.
2- There are differences between the mean scores for the members of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements on the aggressive behavior scale In the direction of the degrees of pre-measurement.
3- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental group in the post and consecutive measurements on the aggressive behavior scale.
Statistical methods:
Appropriate non-parametric statistical methods were used to test the validity of the study hypotheses, which were:
* Wilcoxon test to indicate differences between associated ranks.
* Man and Whitney test to denote differences between unrelated ranks.
All statistical treatments were done using the statistical program (SPSS).
Results:
1- There is a statistically significant difference between the mean levels of the experimental group scores and the controlling group’s scores in the post-measurement on the aggressive behavior scale In the direction of the scores of the control group members.
2- There are differences between the mean scores for the members of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements on the aggressive behavior scale In the direction of the degrees of pre-measurement.
3- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental group in the post and consecutive measures on the aggressive behavior scale.