الفهرس 
PrefaceOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This Thesis Includes Three Different Parts, Which Develop Different Analytical Methods For Determination Of Pharmaceutical Compounds Containing Nitrogen.
Part І: Quantitative Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine [Impurity Of Metformin] By Different Analytical Methods
This Part Aims To Develop Accurate, Sensitive And selective Methods For Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine (Impurity Of Metformin) In Pure Form And In Their Dosage Form.
This Part Includes Four Sections:
Section A: Introduction And Literature Review
This Section Includes An Introduction About The Pharmacological Actions Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine, Their Chemical Structures, Physical Properties And Summary Of The Published Methods For Their Analysis.
Section B: Quantitative Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride And Pioglitazone Hcl In Presence Of Metformin Impurity (Melamine) By Iso-Absorptive Point Spectrophotometric Method
In This Section, Iso-Absorptive Point Method Provides A Simple And Accurate Way For Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride And Pioglitazone Hcl In Presence Of Melamine Either In Bulk Form Or In Their Pharmaceutical Combination.
The Absorbance Of The Mixture Is Measured For Determination Of PIO Concentration By Substitution In PIO Regression Equation At 268nm. The Calculated PIO Concentration Is Used To Obtain Its Absorbance At 255nm Using MET Regression Equation At 255nm (Both Drugs Behave Similarly At The Iso-Absorptive Point). The Absorbance Of PIO At 255nm Is Subtracted from The Whole Mixture Absorbance To Obtain MET Absorbance from Which The Concentration Of MET Is Calculated By Substitution In Its Regression Equation At 255nm.
Section C: Simultaneous Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine By HPTLC-Densitometric Method
HPTLC-Densitometric Method Offers A Simple, Sensitive, Accurate And selective Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine. It Is Based On The Difference In Their Rf Values. Linear Ascending Development Was Performed In A chromatographic Tank Containing Toluene, Methanol And Glacial Acetic Acid (5:5: 0.5, By Volume). The Developed Plates Were Scanned At 240 Nm.
Section D: Simultaneous Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine By RP-HPLC Method
In This Section, A Precise, Specific And Accurate HPLC Method Has Been Developed And Validated For The Determination Of Metformin Hydrochloride, Pioglitazone Hcl And Melamine In Their Pure Forms And Pharmaceutical Formulations.
HPLC chromatographic Separation Was Carried Out At Ambient Temperature Using (0.85g Hexane Sulphonate, 0.41g Sodium Acetate In 1000ml Water And Acetonitrile At Ph =3 Adjusted With Acetic Acid) As Mobile Phase. The Mobile Phase Was Delivered At A Flow Rate Of 1 Ml/Min And The Detection Was Performed At 230 Nm.
Part П: Quantitative Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid [Metabolite Of Furosemide] By Different Analytical Methods.
This Part Develops Simple And Precise Spectrophotometric And chromatographic Methods For The Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid [Metabolite Of Furosemide] In Their Pure Form And In Their Dosage Form.
This Part Includes Four Sections:
Section A: Introduction And Literature Review
This Section Includes An Introduction About The Pharmacological Actions Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid, Their Chemical Structures, Physical Properties And Summary Of The Published Methods For Their Analysis.
Section B: Different Spectrophotometric Methods For Quantitative Determination Of Spironolactone And Furosemide In Presence Of Furosemide Metabolite (Anthranilic Acid)
In This Section, Furosemide Is Determined By Direct Spectrophotometry. Both Spironolactone And Furosemide Are Determined In Presence Of Anthranilic Acid (Metabolite Of Furosemide) By Double Divisor, Ratio Difference And Ratio Difference Iso-Absorptive Point.
Section C: Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid By Multivariate Calibration Methods
In This Section, The Multivariate Calibration Models, Such As Partial Least Squares (PLS) And Principal Component Regression (PCR) Have Been Successfully Applied For Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid In Raw Materials And In Lasilactone® Tablet.
Section D: Quantitative Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid By HPTLC-Densitometric Method
The Work In This Section Concerns With The Simultaneous Determination Of Spironolactone, Furosemide And Anthranilic Acid Depending On The Difference In Their Rf Values.
Linear Ascending Development Was Performed With Hexane: Ethyl Acetate And Glacial Acetic Acid (5: 5: 0.1 By Volume) At Room Temperature. The Developed Plates Were Air Dried And Scanned At 240 Nm. The Calibration Curves Were Constructed By Plotting The Peak Area Versus The Corresponding Concentrations In µg/Band Of The Interested Drugs.
Part Ш: Quantitative Determination Of Triamterene, Hydrochlorothiazide And Chlorothiazide [Impurity Of Hydrochlorothiaizde] By Different Analytical Methods.
This Part Presents Simple And Precise Spectrophotometric And chromatographic Methods For The Determination Of Triamterene, Hydrochlorothiazide And Chlorothiazide [An Impurity Of Hydrochlorothiazide] In Their Pure Form And In Their Dosage Form.
This Part Includes Four Sections:
Section A: Introduction And Literature Review
This Section Includes An Introduction About The Pharmacological Actions Of Triamterene, Hydrochlorothiazide And Chlorothiazide, Their Chemical Structures, Physical Properties And Summary Of The Published Methods For Their Analysis.
Section B: Quantitative Determination Of Hydrochlorothiazide And Triamterene In Presence Of Chlorothiazide By Derivative Ratio And Ratio Difference Spectrophotometric Methods
In This Section, Derivative Spectrophotometry Provides A Simple And Accurate Way For Simultaneous Determination Of Hydrochlorothiazide In Pure Form And In Its Combined Dosage Form While Triamterene Is Determined By Zero order Spectrophotometry. Both Hydrochlorothiazide And Triamterene Are Determined In Presence Of Chlorothiazide (Impurity Of Hydrochlorothiazide).The Studied Drugs Are Also Determined By Ratio Difference Spectrophotometric Method.
Section C: Simultaeous Determination Of Hydrochlorothiazide, Triamterene And Chlorothiazide By HPTLC-Densitometric Method
The Work In This Section Concerns With The Analysis Of Hydrochlorothiazide, Triamterene And Chlorothiazide In Their Bulk Powders And Combined Dosage Forms Depending On The Difference In Their Rf Values.
Linear Ascending Development Was Performed In A chromatographic Tank Previously Saturated With Methanol: Ethyl Acetate: Glacial Acetic Acid And Ammonium Hydroxide (8: 1: 0.2: 0.3 By Volume) For One Hour At Room Temperature. The Developed Plates Were Air Dried And Scanned At 300 Nm.
Section D: Simultaneous Determination Of Triamterene, Hydrchlorothiazide And Chlorothiazide By RP-HPLC Method
In This Section, A Precise, Specific And Accurate HPLC Method Has Been Developed And Validated For The Determination Of Triamterene, Hydrochlorothiazide And Chlorothiazide In Their Pure Forms And Pharmaceutical Formulations.
HPLC chromatographic Separation Was Carried Out At Room Temperature Using Thermo C18 Column (25 Cm ×4.6 Mm I.D. 5 µm Particle Size) And The Mobile Phase Used Phosphate Buffer ( 6.9g Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate, 2ml Triethylamine And The Ph Was Adjusted To 5.5 By Ortho Phosphoric Acid) And Acetonitrile (80-20%V/V). The Mobile Phase Was Delivered At A Flow Rate Of 1 Ml/Min. The Injection Volume Was 10 µl And The Detector Was Adjusted At 280 Nm.