الفهرس 
Anatomy and Physiology of Thyroid glandOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Thyroid surgery has been and always will be the most common endocrine surgical operations. An accurately performed operation on thyroid gland requires both experience and technical ability and is considered by many to be at the zenith of endocrine surgery.
Complications of thyroid surgery can be divided into general and specific complications the latter being directly related to surgical technique and the former being more or less independent of surgical technical procedure itself [9].
Specific complications include vocal cord dysfunction resulting from injury to the recurrent or external laryngeal nerves, the nerves at risk during thyroid operations are the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve, bleeding, serous or lymphatic leakage. Other complications such as lesions of the esophagus, thoracic duct, jugular vein, and carotid artery are extremely rare and are likely to occur only in patients with large, invasive tumors requiring more extensive surgery.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease occurs more frequently in women characterized by the production of anti-thyroid antibodies such as anti-thyroperoxidase (TPO), that destroy thyroid tissue and can lead to a decrease in normal thyroid function.
Incidence of Post-thyroidectomy complications after autoimmune thyroid diseases like fibrosis of underlying structures and adhesions are more common than that after nodular thyroid diseases so it is better to avoid surgery in patients suffering from autoimmune thyroid diseases.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the post-thyroidectomy complications in autoimmune thyroid diseases compared to that of nodular thyroid diseases
The study was a prospective randomized study which conducted on 100 patients suffering from thyroid diseases admitted to the Surgical Department and had thyroid swelling and subjected to surgical treatment in the form of total thyroidectomy.
Patients of the study were classified into two groups each composed of 50 patients group A autoimmune thyroiditis while group B were nodular thyroid disease and all were subjected to total thyroidectomy after taking a full informed consents will be obtained from parents of all patients included in the study.
Patients of the study were diagnosed by full history taking, full clinical examination and the investigations suitable for its diagnosis.
All patients were subjected to total thyroidectomy under general anesthesia which was performed and the operative details were reported as complications, and operative time including postoperative complications.
Patients of the two groups were followed up for one month postoperatively which is the end point of the study.
Our results revealed non significance difference between groups of the study regarding age.
Summary
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In our study there was a significance predominance of females in nodular goiter while in auto-immune thyroid swelling males were predominant.
In our study there was no difference between groups regarding the presenting symptom which was neck swelling. The swelling associated with voice changes in autoimmune thyroid swelling while in nodular swelling associated with eye and/or CVS symptoms.
During operation the operative difficulties were more pronounced in group I ”Autoimmune thyroid swelling” in the form of difficult dissection, excessive bleeding, nerve damage and/or tracheal damage.
from our study we can concluded that surgery in autoimmune thyroid swelling is more dangerous than in multinodular goiter this is because excessive fibrosis that leads to excessive and vigorous dissection that leads to bleeding and mare traumatic complications.