الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 169 |  |  |
| | | from | 169 | | |
Abstract
SUMMARY
There is growing evidence on effectiveness of minimal invasive approaches for caries management, such as reminerlization, air abrasion, and Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)
Since decades, The World Health Organization has recommended ART as a viable approach to meet oral health needs among the underserved or hard to reach individuals. The technique is based on manual excavation of dental caries, which eliminates the need for anesthesia or use of any electric equipment and hence renders it convenient for dentist-anxious patients particularly children
In 2013, a new bioactive restorative material (ACTIVA KIDS BioACTIVETM) was introduced in an attempt to overcome the disadvantages of both GIC and resin-based composites. The material has enhanced physical, mechanical properties with longer working time, faster setting, higher early strength, and better esthetics. Despite that, very few previous studies assessed the performance of this newly introduced restorative material generally and in carious primary teeth where ART is commonly adopted
The present study comprises both a clinical trial and laboratory tests. In the vitro part, compressive strength and fluoride ions release capacity of the two tested restorative materials ‘ACTIVA KIDS and Fuji IX EXTRA ‘were evaluated and compared. Fourteen cylindrical samples (7 discs for each restorative material) were fabricated using Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cylindrical molds with 4-mm diameter and 6-mm height for CS test, according to ISO guidelines specification and the compressive strength of both tested restorative materials was measured using universal testing machine.
Fluoride measurements were done at 24 hrs., 7, 14, and 28 days for fourteen disc-shaped specimens of the two tested restorative materials (8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness) using a fluoride ion selective electrode in the Central Laboratory of the Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University.
Whereas ACTIVA KIDS had significantly higher mean values of compressive strength, HVGICs (FUJI IX EXTRA) released significantly higher amounts of fluoride at 24hrs, 7, 14, and 28 days.
In the clinical trial, however, 70 primary molars with class I caries lesions were randomly allocated to two different treatment groups. where Fuji IX EXTRA and ACTIVA KIDS were placed in group I and group II respectively. The clinical performance and survival rates of restorative materials were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months according to the Frencken and Holmgren ART criteria.
Based on study findings, no significant difference between the clinical performance of GIC and ACTIVA KIDS bioactive restorative were detected when used as single-surface ART restorations in primary teeth. However, the survival rate of Fuji IX EXTRA and ACTIVA KIDS Bioactive was 92% and 84% respectively after 12 months follow up.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitation of the current study the following conclusions can be drawn:
1-Both ACTIVA KIDS bioactive material and HVGICs yielded acceptable compressive strengths according to ISO specifications.
2-HVGICs had higher fluoride release capacity than ACTIVA KIDS; however these differences declined over the time.
3-The overall clinical performance of both ACTIVA bioactive material and HVGICs was satisfactory and both materials can be successful options for restoring occlusal lesions in primary molars using ART approach.