الفهرس 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Senile cataractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study is carried out at the Department of Ophthalmology, Assiut University from October 2017 to August 2019 on 70 eyes of 70 patients with age ranged between 60 and 70. The patients were divided into two groups each of 35 patients depending on the degree of cataract hardness. group I (patients underwent PE) the cataract nuclear brunescence was IV or less. group II (patients underwent ECCE) the cataract nuclear brunescence was V and VI on LOCS III grading. Specular Microscopy using (NIDEK CEM 530) was done to all patients preoperatively, one week and one month to detect central corneal changes regarding cell density and morphology at El-Nour eye center. The aim of this work was mainly to compare endothelial cell loss after phacoemulsification and ECCE. Secondary outcomes such as morphological changes: polymegathism and pleomorphism were reported. The patients were underwent complete preoperative evaluation to exclude any coexisting pathology or any endothelial pathology. All operations were done by the same surgeon. ECCE was done through clear corneal wound (9-11 mm) and phacoemulsification through (2.75) mm superior corneal incison . In PE, removal of the nucleus was done by stop and chop technique with phaco tip bevel up and phaco power 50 phaco I and 70 phaco II. In both techniques viscoelastic (methyle-cellulose) was used . IOL was implanted for all patients after cataract extraction. This study showed that there is significant ECL aftrer both techniques with slight higher percent after ECCE (12.12 %) than after Phaco (10.54 %) at one month postoperatively. This endothelial cell loss difference after both techniques was not stastistically significant. The current study detected significant changes in cell morphology regarding CV and HX percent after both techniques reflecting endothelial response to surgical trauma that appears to be similar in both techniques . In this study there was no correlation between preoperative endothelial cell count and one month postoperative cell loss. We couldn’t predict endothelial cell loss severity from preoperative endothelial cell count.