الفهرس 
Introduction.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In recent years, different methods and restoration materials had been
evolved in order to achieve the best results and solutions to conserve and maintain the
antiques, but some cleaning and consolidate materials make some problems over the
years like consolidate materials increased the mechanical stress on the original
materials, in addition to the biological attack of the organic materials and the use of
traditional cleaning materials has been affected to the artwork, the usage of pure
organic solvents on artworks has resulted in the swelling of the original binding media
and varnish layers. Another important problematic drawback of using traditional
materials for cleaning and consolidation artworks, are the re-dissolution of the natural
or synthetic material into the porous matrix of the artefact.
For this reason, in the last twenty years, the restorers sought to develop
conservation materials and several innovative and inexpensive tools for the painted
surfaces. The nanostructured systems improved the traditional methods giving at the
same time both the minimization of the environmental impact.
The application of nanotechnology is considered one of the most important
and latest development methods through in this field which achieved significant and
unprecedented in all fields, also used in the restoration and conservation where it can
be used in cleaning, consolidation, Isolation and other uses, this is a difficult and
complicated task, and more particularly in different materials such as cartonnage,
and these techniques brought a great success because of its privileges like its micro
sizes and a significant increase in chemical activity.