الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The introduction: it explains the public hazards related by the consumption of raw beef or its ready- to- eat products contaminating with E. coli organisms and how our food get contaminated. The aim of this work: detect the incidence of E. coli in raw beef and its ready- to- eat products and determining their phenotypic, molecular and antibiotic resistance characters. The materials and methods: the student used many phenotypic and molecular methods for identifying the E. coli isolated strains characters. The results: showed the high incidence of E. coli contamination of raw beef and ready- to- eat products in Egypt with high multidrug resistance pathogenic strains isolated. The discussion: the results of this thesis was compared with the results of previous studies. The conclusion: The high percentages of E. coli contamination in raw beef and its ready- to- eat products purchased in this study, indicated the unhygienic practices done during slaughter, dressing and processing of meat animal. Besides, the post cooking contamination concluded that street foods are highly unsafe and unfit for human consumption. The spreading of antibiotic- resistant strains against different classes of antibiotics give indication about the abuse of the antimicrobials in the veterinary field without any authorized regulations. The References: this thesis contains 270 references. The summary in Arabic/ and in English: the result of this thesis suggested that the raw beef and its ready- to- eat beef products isolated in this study may be a vehicle of multidrug resistant virulent E. coli strains may incorporate in human infections.