الفهرس 
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Abstract
Tourism is considered as key factor for economic development in Sub Saharan Africa. SSA is endowed with ample and diverse tourism attractions. Hence, tourism obviously contributes to SSA economies in terms of job creation, poverty alleviation and foreign exchange rate. Yet, the potential tourism role is still not reached. Basically, the empirical model showed that international tourism is determined by factors like governance indicators, exchange rate, malaria incidence and infrastructure. Fixed effect model (FE), random effect model (RE) have been conducted. Based on Hausman-test, fixed effect model is appropriate. Furthermore, SSA countries have experienced considerable political instability such as civil wars and military coups and most importantly poor governance. An empirical study has revealed that broken institutions was vital reason for wars in Africa. According to Africa competitiveness report 2017, showed that generally speaking Africa has low-quality institutions compared to developed economies. Additionally, safety and security perform as first priority for tourists to decide their destination. The study identifies that SSA lag behind the whole regions in terms of safety and security and tourism infrastructure. Therefore, SSA received the least number of tourism arrivals and receipt as well. To scale up destination competiveness, serious attention should be given to destination development. That can be done by adopting Creative marketing strategies which fit different market segments. Given that tourism market is dynamic, the initial target of the tourist destination is to catch up with the growing desires of the potential tourist. That aim can be fulfilled by establishing destination management which takes the responsibility of leading and coordinating whole components of tourism production process that yield genuine tourism services. Like any other profitable entity, tourism destination should mobilize its resources in order to achieve its goal effectively.