الفهرس 
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Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to investigate the capability of bacterial biofilm for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated synthetic oily wastewater. Potential bacterial candidates were investigated as individual and consortium in a batch mode and the most promising candidates was examined as bio-film in a continuous mode under different operation conditions
Phenolic compounds have varied applications in the day-to-day lives of human beings. Phenol is widely used in different industries such as the chemical industry where it is used in the production of other derivatives such as alkylphenols, cresols, aniline and resins (1). Its application in the oil, gas and coal industries is also noteworthy <2). Phenolic resins, which are also produced from phenol, are used heavily in appliance, wood and construction industries for various purposes. Dyes, textiles and explosive industries all depend on phenol as raw material. Other phenolic compounds such as Bisphenol A serves as the raw material from which non-polymer additives, polycarbonate plastics, and epoxy resins are manufactured.
Nylon 6 (polycaprolactam) and some fibers (synthetic) are produced using caprolactamas raw material(J). Phenolic compounds are also constituents of some pesticides (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides) and constitute the main source of water pollution with phenolic compounds through agricultural runoff. Among these pesticides are 2, 4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid,4-chloro-2-methyl- phenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichloro- phenoxy acetic acid and vastly used pentachlorophenol14 6). Availability or detection of phenol and some chlorophenols such as 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and some catechols in aquatic environment have been attributed to biodegradation of some of these pesticides. Other industrial activities such as wood, use of chlorine for water disinfection; coking processes and paper production all result in the formation of chlorophenols <7). Direct or indirect discharge of effluents and/or influents from these industrial activities into water bodies contributes to pollution with phenolic compounds. Some of these compounds are