الفهرس 
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Abstract
PhD thesis by / Ali Ahmed Abdel Gayed Al Medolab
Title / Assessment and cost-effective treatment of water in Sabal Canal at Menoufia
Conclusion In this study, water of Sabal drain at Menoufia, Egypt, was assessed and many pollutants were measured in water sample at ten different sites of drain for three times, which changed from site to other as follow: pH (7.30-7.52), electrical conductivity (1112-1583), total dissolved solid (627-887 mg/l), chemical oxygen diamond COD (55-322 mg/l), biochemical oxygen diamond BOD (35- 169 mg/l), total Kjeldahl nitrogen TKN (11.3- 68.9), ammonia (5.1- 26.4 mg/l), nitrate (0- 3 mg/l) and phosphate (0.2 – 2.1 mg/l). Ammonia was found to be the most dangerous contaminant in Sabal drain water so it has been choice to study. Mean daily discharge rate of Sabal drain water to Rosette branch of the Nile River was measured about (49413 m3/day). Low cost adsorbent leaves and roots powder of Eichhornia Crassipes were used to removal of ammonia from prepared solutions. The batch method was employed parameters such as pH; contact time, adsorbent dose and initial ammonia concentration were studied at temperature 25 ± 2 °C. Ammonia removal% increase with increasing of adsorbent dose, while the adsorption capacity (qe) decrease with increasing of sorbent dose. The optimum pH corresponding to the maximum ammonia removal was pH (5) with leaves powder and pH (6) with roots powder. Ammonia was adsorbed onto the adsorbent very rapidly within the first 20 minutes due presence excess vacant sites at surface of biosorbent and high concentration of ammonia, while equilibrium was attained within 40 minutes with leaves and 30 minute with roots. Ammonia removal increased with increasing of initial concentration but ammonia uptake decreased with increasing of initial concentration. The maximum removal of ammonia from wastewater at optimum conditions were 87% and 79% using Eichhornia Crassipes leaves powder and Eichhornia Crassipes roots powder respectively. Langmuir dimensionless constant separation factor (RL) Value between 0 and 1, that means the adsorptions is favorable and a high value of KL and R2 was shown to be an indicator of strong bonding between ammonia and ECP.