الفهرس 
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Abstract
Over recent years, new synthetic filter media have been developed with a
density less than that of water. Floating media are now available for the
filtration of water and wastewater. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is one of these
floating media, that have been favorable because it is commercially widespread,
lightweight, and available in many geometric forms. This research was
conducted to study the ability of expanded polystyrene to improve the
performance of the upflow filters.
Groundwater has been used alongside to surface water in Egypt. In the
case of using groundwater as a drinking water, the total iron concentration
should be PJO DQG turbidity should be 1.0 NTU, as allowed by the
domestic regulations. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the main
properties of expanded polystyrene and to evaluate its performance in iron
removal through the upflow filter. Toward these goals, series of batch
experiments were performed to estimate the adsorption capacity of the EPS
using different concentrations of methylene blue dye. Also, a pilot plant was
designed and constructed; one meter of the filter column was filled with EPS.
Effective size, uniformity coefficient, and density of EPS were 0.63mm, 1.43,
and 30 kg/m3, respectively. Synthetic feed water was prepared by adding
synthetic iron to free chlorine tap water to get pre-determined different iron
concentrations from 1 to 5 mg/l. These resulted in turbidities from 3.5 to 12.5
NTU, respectively. The filter was tested at filtration rates of 80 ,100 and 120
m3/m2/day. Bed washing was performed in the downflow direction.
Results showed that EPS beads had an adsorption capacity of 0.036 mg/g
(Batch experiments). Initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, PH and contact
time affected the adsorption capacity. The filtration tests showed that the system
was successful in removing iron and turbidity with percentage of 97% and 95%,
respectively. The influent iron concentrations and filtration rate had remarkable
effects on the effluent turbidity, iron concentration, filterability index, and
headloss. Backwash achieved an expansion of 18% with water consumption
16.7% , 20% and 25% of the total water production of the filter for filtration
rates 80 ,100 and 120 m3/m2/day.
ABSTRAC