الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study discusses chromium removal using free algal cells and biofilm. It’s considered an important study because it uses a new technology for removal. This technology considers a green technology.
Chapter (1)
The first chapter is introduction in water science and resources. Furthermore it contains brief information about water pollution, resources and pollution by heavy metals. chromium have been selected for this study. Some information was given about chromium and its hazardous effect on environment and human health.
Chapter (2)
This chapter is special for studying chromium removal using Sargassum sp. as a type of brown macro algae. It proves its efficacy in chromium removal. Nano form of Sargassum sp. has been used because of its efficacy. Optimization has done for Nano Sargassum sp. to obtain the best conditions that give high removal efficiency. After that Factorial design has been designed. Isotherm has been studied to know the nature of binding between binding sites and chromium. FT-IR analysis was performed.
Chapter (3)
This chapter and the following chapter were specialized for chromium removal using Micro algae. In this chapter green micro algae Chlorella pyrindosa has been used. Optimization experiments have been performed followed by full factorial design to obtain the optimum conditions for chromium removal. Chlorophyll has been measured to express effect of chromium on algal growth. Furthermore FT-IR analysis was performed.
Chapter (4)
Blue green micro algae Nostoc humifusum has been used in this Chapter to study its ability in chromium removal and tolerance. Optimization process followed by full factorial design experiments have been used to obtain the optimum conditions for removal. More ever Nostoc humifusum has proved its ability in biofilm formation. So many experiments have been done to obtain the best conditions for biofilm formation. After that, biofilm has been used to remove chromium from wastewater. FT-IR and SEM Analysis have been performed as characterization analysis.
Chapter (5)
The chapter gives the conclusion and recommendation related to the thesis.