الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be associated with left ventricular dysfunction. For this reason, this study was carried out to evaluate the function of left ventricle in patients suffer from metabolic syndrome using Echocardiographic examination.
Patients and methods: This research included forty patients with metabolic syndrome (18 male, 22 female, mean age=54.13±6.33 years) and forty control matching age and sex volunteers without history of metabolic syndrome disorder (15 male, 25 female, mean age=52.20±5.27). Patients were recruited from the outpatient department at soad-kafafi hospital. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was performed according to IDF criteria. According to this criterion MetS diagnosed with waist circumference ⩾80 cm for women or ⩾90 cm for men plus abnormal two parameters of the following: High density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤50 mg/dL for women or ≤40 mg/dL for men; triglyceride levels ⩾150 mg/dL and random blood glucose levels ⩾100 mg/dL, blood pressure ⩾130/85 mmHg.
At inclusion medical history of all subjects was taken then echocardiographic examination was done for all subjects included in the study. Blood pressure was measured by available sphygmomanometer. Height and weight was measured to calculate Body mass index using standardized formula. Complete lipid profile test, random blood sugar, liver and renal function test and urinalysis using standard operating procedures.
The study approved by ethical committee of Soaad-Kafafi hospital. The exclusion criteria include; Patients suffer from MI, cor pulmonale, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, atrioventricular block hypothyroidism and renal failure.
Echocardiographic examination was done with available machine (GE Vingmed, Horten, Norway) with a 1.5 or 3.2 MHZ phased array transducer. Patients were lying in the left lateral position and breathing gently. A comprehensive echocardiographic study following standardized protocols was carried for all subjects. Participants are asked to perform passive expiration the whole cardiac movement.
Results: Left atrial (LA) diameter, Interventricular septum and posterior wall thickness were found to be significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome compared to control subjects. The incidence of diastolic dysfunction was significantly higher in metabolic syndrome group compared to control. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was found to be significantly higher among uncontrolled hypertensive patients compared to controlled hypertensive patients and normotensive patients. Also, prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was found to be significantly higher among uncontrolled diabetic patients compared to controlled diabetic patients and non-diabetics. However, no statistically significant difference in frequency of diastolic dysfunction among controlled, un-controlled or patients with normal lipid profile.
Conclusion: MetS was associated with preclinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction however LV systolic function was preserved.