الفهرس 
Nosocomial infectionsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Although NI is not a recent problem, it still represents a serious problem, not only due to the associated morbidity and mortality but also due to the economic burden on patient and hospitals. It continues to be a major world-wide public health problem especially between the neonates in NICU.
Hence, the aim of this study was estimation the incidence of nosocomial infections in the NICU at Menoufia University Hospital, associated risk factors, identification of the causative pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns, final outcome and identification of the probable exogenous source from the environment, medical personnel, or other patients leading to such infections.
Our study was conducted over a period of 6 months from 1st of June 2019 to 1st December 2019 in Menoufia University Hospital NICUs. Neonates fulfilled inclusion criteria (All newborns of all ages with no proven or suspected sepsis on admission and remained hospitalized for at least 72hr) were 164, while neonates suspected or proven sepsis at time of admission, with severe congenital anomalies, discharged due to improvement or transferred or died before 72hr of admission were excluded and they were all managed according to our NICU protocol.
Also the study included 11 medical personnel staff (2 doctors and 9 nurses) in addition to the environment and equipment used in the care of the neonates in an attempt to trace the source of infection.
Studied neonates were subjected on admission to complete history taking, clinical examination and investigations as CBC, HSS, and CRP, blood cultures, kidney and liver function tests. Five days later or clinical suspicion of sepsis, labs were repeated (CBC, HSS, CRP, blood cultures, kidney and liver function tests). In addition to other cultures from other sites required in special situations according to the cases such as endotracheal tube.
Studied neonates were classified into two groups:
group (1): (62) neonates who developed nosocomial infection according to clinical, hematological sepsis scores and CRP, confirmed by blood culture. Superficial swabs were taken during re-evaluation from nose, throat, and peri-umbilical region
group (2): (102) neonates who didn‟t develop nosocomial infection.
Swabs were also taken from nose, throat and hands of medical personnel (2 doctors and 9 nurses) monthly over six months and from NICU environments and equipments (62 sites) twice at the beginning of the study (1st month) and at the end (6th month).
Results:
The study has shown that:
The prevelant cause of admission in the studied neonates was respiratory distress (54.3%) followed by neonatal jaundice (41.5%).