الفهرس 
Amphoteric (Zwitterionic) SurfactantsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the present work, a series of newly Gemini cationic surfactants
were prepared. The prepared cationic surfactants named as
followed:
(E)-2-(2-((4-(2-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)(2-(octanoyloxy)ethyl)
ammonio)acetoxy)-3-ethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethoxy)-N,N-bis
(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-(octanoyloxy)ethyl)-2-oxoethanaminium
chloride hydrate
(E)-N-(2-(dodecanoyloxy)ethyl)-2-(2-((4-(2-((2-(dodecanoyloxy)
ethyl)bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonio)acetoxy)-3-methoxybenzylidene)
amino)ethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-oxoethanaminium
chloride
(E)-2-(2-((4-(2-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)(2-(palmitoyloxy)ethyl)
ammonio)acetoxy)-3-methoxybenzylidene) amino)ethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-
(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-oxo-N-(2-(palmitoyloxy)ethyl)ethanaminium
chloride
This work contains three chapters:-
Chapter 1: Introduction
An introduction about surfactants (Definition, classification and
applications), an introduction about corrosion (Definition, forms, types
and protection from corrosion), and this chapter include the aim of this
work.
Chapter 2: Materials and Experimental Techniques
The experimental part includes complete description of synthesis of
inhibitors, as following:
1. Synthesis of new Gemini surfactants; the desired Gemini cationic
surfactants was prepared through three main steps;
a. the first step is a Schiff base formation by reaction equimolar from
vanillin was refluxed with monoethanolamine in 100 ethanolic
solution for 6 hrs to produce compound 3.The obtained schiff
base 3 was esterified with chloroacetic acid in 100 mL xylene
as solvent in the presence of the catalyst 0.01% p-toluene
sulphonic acid was added to the reaction mixture and the
reaction completed by removal of the desired water amount
(1.8 ml) using Dean-Stark system. The xylene was evaporated
and the petroleum ether used to remove the catalyst from the
product 5.
b. The second step is reaction equimolar from the different fatty acid
(octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid)
separately which esterified with triethanolamine in the presence
of the catalyst 0.01% p-toluene sulphonic acid was added to the
reaction mixture and the reaction completed by removal of the
desired water amount (1.8 ml) using Dean-Stark system. The
xylene was evaporated and the petroleum ether used to remove
the catalyst from the product to produce the corresponding
hydroxyl ester compounds 10, 11 and 12.
c. The third step, the obtained dichloro ester 5 was refluxed with
hydroxyl ester compounds 10,11 and 12 in the presence of
ethyl alcohol as solvent for 48 hrs the di ethyl ether used to
recrystallization after evaporating the solvent the and further
purification the final synthesized Gemini cationic surfactant
were labeled as CMTC, LMTC and PMTC.
2. Confirmation the chemical structure of prepared cationic
surfactants using FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopes.
3. Description of corrosion tests which used to evaluate the inhibition
efficiency of the used inhibitors for carbon steel corrosion in 1.0 M
HCl.
4. Description of surface measurement and calculation the surface and
thermodynamics parameters of adsorption and micellization.
5. Description the methods used to evaluate the prepared cationic
surfactants as biocide against pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic
fungi.