الفهرس 
Breast CancerOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Genetics has a major role in controlling breast cancer. Some studies report a
risk of developing 60–80% lifetime breast cancer in the presence of mutations
which is much higher than the 12.5% risk of the general population.
Lots of genes have been identified in relation to breast cancer. Mutations and
abnormal amplification of both oncogenes and anti-oncogenes play key roles in the
processes of tumour initiation and progression.
High penetrance genes that increase the risk of breast cancer, the aggregate
polygenetic effect of low-penetrant variants (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms
[SNPs]) may contribute at least 14% to the heritability of breast cancer .Several
SNPs are associated with risk of breast cancer. Further, there may be genetic
components common to risk of breast cancer and prognosis .
The level of leptin plays a role in breast cancer and has potential for
development as a diagnostic tool. The leptin system might play an important role
in breast cancer pathogenesis and progression, and that it might represent a novel
target for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer. Our results showed significant
statistical difference among the two studied groups regarding to leptin
concentration and body mass index (BMI) where BC patients showed much higher
leptin levels and BMI than healthy control group.
We investigated LEP gene -rs 7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism
in BC and the results of this study demonstrated a significant association of mutant
G allele of LEPR rs1137101 and mutant A allele of LEP gene -rs 7799039 with the
risk of disease. In addition, the circulating leptin level was markedly raised in
patients versus healthy women. Although, mutant gene correlated with higher
leptin levels than the wild gene of both SNPs, but this level did not reach a
significant value. Interestingly, obesity was a significant feature of BC patients
evidenced by higher BMI in patients.