الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 221 |  |  |
| | | from | 221 | | |
Abstract
Studies reported herein were undertaken on three olive varieties during two successive seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The principal objectives of this study were to: (1) The faunistic species composition and the relative abundance of insect pests attacking olive trees and associated natural enemies, (2) Effect of weather factors on the population of olive insect pests and their associated natural enemies, (3) Effect of insect pests infestation on chemical composition of olive fruits, and (4) Evaluate the efficiency of some nano-pesticides formulations of three neonicotinoid insecticides (acetamiprid, dinotefuran and thiamethoxam) in comparison with their conventional pesticides on olive scale insects such as the oleander scale, Aspidiotus nerii Bouche, oystershell scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi Linnaeus and white olive scale, Lucaspis riccae Targioni Tozzetti.
Results were reported in accordance with the objectives outlined above as follows:
1. Population density and fluctuation of scale insect pests on olive varieties and factors affecting on the population
1.1. Oleander scale insect, Aspidiotus nerii
1.1.1. Population density and fluctuation of oleander scale insect, A. nerii
During 2017-2018 season the oleander scale insect, A. nerii population started with average number of 0.17 insect/ 10 leaves on April (Max. temp. 33.2 °C, Min. temp. 14.4 °C and RH 25%) and progressively increased throughout February (1.17) and March (0.78) on picual variety. Whereas on coratina variety, the population started with average number of 0.45 insect/ 10 leaves on April and progressively increased throughout January (0.84), February (0.78) and March (0.95). While on chemlali variety the A. nerii population started during the season with high population level of 1.28 insect/ 10 leaves at April and in December, January, February and March with average monthly 2.50, 2.28, 2.89 and 2.33 insect/ 10 leaves respectively.
During 2018-2019 season, the population of A. nerii started with high mean monthly on April 1.10 insect/ 10 leaves and on June with average 1.06 insect/ 10 leaves on picual variety. Thereafter, the population decreased slightly during July, August, September and October reaches its lowest level of 0.61, 0.28, 0.39, and 0.23 insect/ 10 leaves respectively. In coratina variety, the maximum population recorded on April (0.95 insect/ 10 leaves) and the