الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this study 60 eyes with senile immature cataract were selected from patients attending at Mansoura ophthalmic center for cataract surgery. selection was after careful history taking and complete ophthalmic examination. Most cases were with grade III nuclear hardening. The selected patients randomly and equally classified into two groups undergone cataract extraction with phacoemulsification & in the bag IOL implantation. Each consists of 30 patients: - group 1: in which longitudinal phaco surgery was done using The Oertli os3 phaco machine. - group 2: in which torsional phaco surgery was done using The OZil (Infinity Alcon machine). All eyes were operated by the same surgeon with stop and shop technique, same phaco machine for each group and same IOL type. Any case with intraoperative complications was excluded from the study. Post-operative follow up done to all patients at 1 week, 1month and 3months. This included careful ophthalmic examination and specular microscopy imaging. Data of cases from both groups were recorded : Age, nuclear hardness, pre-operative CCT, ECC and post-operative CCT, ECC after 1 week, 1month and 3months. They were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results in this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the Longitudinal and Torsional modes in endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness. As regard ECC, there was statistically significant endothelial cell loss throughout the study in the two groups as compared to preoperative values, no significant difference between the two groups was recorded (P = 0.5). The most significant decrease was at 1week post-operatively in both groups (about 6.5% in torsional group and 6.8% in longitudinal group as compared to pre-operative mean ECC). Less endothelial loss occurs after 1month in both groups and least decrease was after 3months (about 9.8% in torsional group and 10.3% in longitudinal group as compared to pre-operative mean ECC). Although less endothelial loss occur in torsional group (about 8.79%) when compared to longitudinal group (about 10.52%), the difference was statistically insignificant (P=0.301). As regard means CCT, there was statistically significant increase in both groups as compared to preoperative values. The most significant increase was equal in both groups at 1week post-operatively (about 8%) as compared to pre-operative mean CCT. After 1month there was less increase in mean CCT in both groups and least increase was after 3months (about 2% in torsional group and 1.4% in longitudinal group as compared to pre-operative mean CCT). Although more increase in mean CCT occur in torsional group (about0.57 %) when compared to longitudinal group (about0.49 % the difference was statistically insignificant (P = 0.249).