الفهرس 
Diabetes MellitusOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Maternal diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of fetal morbidity, still births and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Improvements in fetal surveillance and perinatal management have led to reduction in diabetes related complications. Despite this, the incidence of complications is higher than in the general population. Fetal echocardiography is often carried out in diabetic mothers because of increased risk of structural cardiovascular malformations in their fetuses. The diagnostic yield however is low. Structural cardiovascular malformations are uncommon, however, changes in cardiovascular flow patterns in fetuses of diabetic mothers may have prognostic significance. Studies have demonstrated impaired development of cardiac and venous flow patterns in fetuses of diabetic mothers as early as 12 weeks of gestation. These include altered fetal cardiac diastolic function, increased blood flow in the fetal aorta and pulmonary vasculature and higher peak velocities at the level of aortic and pulmonary outflow tracts. Significantly increased Pulmonary Vein Pulsatility Index (PVPI) and increased left and right ventricle Myocardial Performance Index (MPI) is also noted. Thus, fetal cardiodynamics may potentially predict future fetal compromise. In the current study we found that there was significant decrease in Mean E/A across mitral valve in diabetic group versus control at 24 weeks and at 34 weeks. In the current study we found that there was significant decrease in Mean E/A across tricuspid valve in diabetic group versus control at 24 weeks and at 34 weeks suggesting ventricular stiffness increase at both gestation and metabolic environment altered on abnormal maternal blood sugar level.