الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with severe cardiovascular complications, including vascular calcification and accelerated atherosclerosis, leading to increased morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.
The plasma level of omentin is produced by fat tissue that surrounds our internal organ. This enhances the effect of insulin in regulation of sugar which is associated with different conditions such as insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, obesity, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. It is one of the novel adipokines synthesized mainly in the visceral adipose tissue.
Omentin is a novel fat depot-specific adipokine that was identified in 2003 from a visceral omental adipose tissue cDNA library.
The omentin gene is located in the 1q22-q23 chromosomal region, which has been linked to type 2 diabetes in several populations, suggesting that omentin may be a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes susceptibility in humans.
In addition, circulating omentin-1 levels are negatively correlated with metabolic risk factors, including body mass index, waist circumference, and insulin resistance.
The circulating level of omentin-1 in an Egyptian population with type 2 diabetes, with and without ischemic heart disease. Although they did not detect clear differences in serum omentin-1 levels between type 2 diabetes patient with and without ischemic heart disease, multiple regression analysis showed that IL-6 level was an independent risk factor influencing serum omentin-1 level. This suggests that omentin-1 is regulated by inflammation. Inflammation is the most important factor linking type 2 diabetes to the progression of cardiovascular complication. Serum omentin-1 levels were lower in patients with acute coronary syndrome or stable angina pectoris compared to controls.
Circulating omentin-1 had a negative correlation with atherosclerotic parameters. However, no previous studies have clarified the relationship of serum omentin-1 with atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness are useful surrogate markers for subclinical atherosclerosis and are significantly correlated with various metabolic risk factors.