الفهرس 
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Abstract
O
ver the past three decades, rates of pediatric obesity have almost tripled. Childhood obesity is accompanied by increased cardiovascular co morbidities and vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in childhood obesity.
In this study, we aim to determine the associations between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risks, in obese children as assessed by highly sensitive CRP, subclinical hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance.
This is particularly important as low vitamin D status may be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular co morbidities.
This case-control study included sixty three obese children with simple obesity recruited from the Pediatric Obesity Clinic, Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University during the period from December 2018 to May 2019. Cases (21 males and 12 females) are prepubertal obese children with deficient serum levels of vitamin D (below 20 ng/ml). Their mean age was 9.79 ± 1.68 years (Range: 7.06 – 12.09 years). Cases were compared to thirty age- and sex- matched obese prepubertal children with sufficient serum level of vitamin D (≥ 20 ng/ml) as a control group (16 males and 14 females). Their mean age was 9.56 ± 1.58 (Range: 7.09 – 11.82 years). Both groups were subjected to full history taking, general examination with laying stress on blood pressure and anthropometric measurements and laboratory evaluation including serum 25(OH) D level, HsCRP, TSH, T4, fasting insulin and blood glucose and fastion lipid profile.
Our results showed upon comparison of vitamin D deficient children to vitamin D sufficient children; vitamin D deficient children had significantly higher values as regards diastolic blood pressure percentile and more prevalence of positive family history of hypertension.
Also systolic blood pressure, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance are higher in vitamin D deficient children than in vitamin D sufficient children with no statistical difference.
There is inverse correlation between 25(OH) D and HsCRP. Also there is a positive correlation between 25(OH) D and HDL cholesterol.
24.2% of the vitamin D deficient children are pre-hypertensive and 36.4% are hypertensives.
36.4% of the vitamin D deficient children have dyslipidemia.
66.7% of the vitamin D deficient children have elevated HOMA-IR and increased insulin resistance.
Our study has several limitations. The study sample was small and based solely on obese children who were recruited from an outpatient clinic. This study used a case control study design so that the causality between 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic risk factors could not be established, just the association between them that could be suggested.