الفهرس 
Chapter One: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The right to have food is one of the natural rights that must be available to every person as soon as he was, and without it, he will not be natural and safe for his life, liberty and activity. This right is one of the rights that protect his physical and moral entity. The core content of the right to adequate and suitable food means a quantity and quality sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of individuals, and free from adverse substances, and that would be acceptable to everyone, with accessibility in ways that are sustainable Mann, (2007).
The proper nutrition is an essential foundation for health, and it must be had attention in various stages of human life. Infants, young child, school children, teenagers, adults and elderly need to feed commensurate with ages, growth and their activities. In addition, nutrition is sound important in special occasions such as university cities, Orphanages and major rallies, where large number of people are in one place for a period may be long in some cases Hula, 2007).
Orphan care means the efforts of some state institutions or private sector organizations to provide a decent life for orphans by providing for their diverse needs in a healthy environment in which community justice is based on solidarity and cohesion among the members of society. The researcher was looking forward to find out whether the role of orphans in Egypt follows the scientific bases when selecting employees in the food and beverage department such as the appropriate scientific qualification and experience suitable for working in the preparation of healthy meals and therefore do employees have nutrition awareness . to provide balanced healthy meals for children in the orphanage which is important for them in This stage . is also an important requirement for building a healthy body) Social Welfare,2017).
Therefore, the present study designed to assess the weekly meals provided in orphanages and analyze daily intake from each nutrients (protein- fats - carbohydrates - vitamins - minerals). Nutritional values of meals were calculated according to: the values of program ”USDA National Nutrients Database” with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for this age category (1-18 years, males and females); the measurement of the nutritional awareness of the staff in orphanage; the evaluation of the application of sanitation requirements; and the assessment of food handling in the food and beverage department. Questionnaire was designed for food and beverages managers, personal observation checklist in orphanage and analysis of orphanages meals. The researcher filled out checklist while previewing the orphanage separately. The researcher was distributed Thirty-four form to Orphanages except one Orphanages did not respond to the study.
The aim of this thesis is to evaluation of meals food in Orphanages in Northern Upper Egypt Governorates (BeniSuef Governorate, Minia Governorate, Assuit Governorate ). All governorates have the same customs and traditions, and physical possibilities. Orphanages are divided in to governmental and non- governmental Orphanages for female and male. All Orphanages under the supervision of the Ministry of Social Solidarity. The researcher was distributed Thirty-four form to Orphanages except one Orphanages did not respond to the study. The sample consisted (9) Orphanages in BeniSuef Governorate, (13) Orphanages in Minia Governorate, and (11) Orphanages in Assuit Governorate. This sample was shown in appendix ( E, F).
The study Reached that there are deficiencies in some aspects. First: lack in training programs on food safety for food and beverage employees in orphanages. Second: lack in the appropriate amounts of vitamins compared to the recommendations allowed. Third: The food presented are the same for all ages without taking into consideration the nutrition requirements of age categories. Fourth, the most of orphanages do not implement menus planned by the Ministry of Social Solidarity. Fifth: the orphanages do not have a scientific criteria in selecting the food and beverage staff . sixth, food and beverage staff in orphanages do not have food awareness to provide balanced healthy meals for orphans. Seventh, the researcher observed that the equipment in the orphanages’ kitchens are not suitable for use, and its staff do not commit to wear the appropriate uniform. According to the results of the Orphanage meals analysis it is declared that there is shortage in some nutrients in this meals and the same meals offered to the different age groups of orphans, the research suggested meals which suitable for orphans gender (male and female) and Orphans age groups (1-3 years age , 4-6 years age, 7-10 years age , 11-14 years age , and 15-18 years age).
5.2. Recommendations:
Based on the literature review and the data gathered from the field study, the recommendations of this research could be the following:
5.2.1. Recommendations for Orphanages Managers:
1- It is necessary to add more food rich in calcium such as dairy, fish and liver to try to cover the daily needs recommended.
2- It is important to add more dietary fiber in Menus (fruits, vegetables and whole-grains).
3- It is necessary to redistribute energy between the three meals.
4- It is crucial to observe nutrition requirements according to the difference age during planning menus.
5- It is important to have a variety of meals provided to the orphanages.
6- It is essential to apply health affairs standards in orphanages in all its facilities, handling food and personal hygiene.
7- It is significant to provide good storage conditions for raw materials.
2.2. Recommendations for the Ministry of Social Solidarity:
1. The Ministry of Social Solidarity should set comprehensive plan to develop and improve the food and beverage services in orphanages.
2. The Ministry of Social Solidarity should set a strong control plans on the training programs presented to orphanages’ staff specially the employees in
food and beverage department.
3.The Ministry of Social Solidarity should recommend the orphanages
managements to have more rigorous criteria in employing their staff who have acceptable levels of skills in food safety and sanitation.
4.The Ministry of Social Solidarity should increase the budget assigned of
purchasing the equipment in kitchens to ensure adequate health conditions while
producing food.
5. the researcher of the current study presents menus for orphanages with taking
into consideration the recommendations of dietary allowance (RDA) for the age
category (1-18 years, males and females), and It is possible for the Ministry of
Social Solidarity to benefit from these menus.