الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
White rot disease a serious disease of garlic plants in the world including Egypt. Excess application of chemical fungicide may not always be desirable due to their adverse effects on the environmental, human and animal health, in addition to its relatively high cost for the farmers. The present work aimed to replace or reduce the application of the undesirable chemical fungicides with another effective, eco-friendly and economic alternative for white rot control, which is the biological control using arbuscuar mycorrhizal fungi (AM) and/or endophytic bacteria alone or in combination. Colonization of garlic plants with AMF and/or the endophytic B. amyloliquefaciens singly or in combination significantly reduced the deleterious effects of the pathogen and improved the growth and yield parameters, and contents of mineral neutrients and photosynthetic pigments when compared with the untreated infected plants. Moreover, these applications led to enhancement of the phenolic content and activities of the tested defense-related enzymes. However, the combined treatment recorded the best results in this concern. it can be concluded that the application of AMF and/or the endophytic B. amyloliquefaciens as biocontrol agents played an important role in the plant resistance to the infection with S. cepivorum through improving plant nutrition, growth and accumulation of some antimicrobial substances (phenolic compounds and defense related enzymes) and activation of some defense-related genes.