الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Relatively large quantities of water are required for irrigation; it can utilize waters of a wide range of quality by appropriately management practices. The management of poor-quality waters covers many sectors and there is a need for progress. Furthermore, desert makes 90% of the total area of Egypt. Which limit and reduce the chance of reclaiming and cultivating deserts. Under these conditions, using low quality water for irrigation is mandatory in the present and near future. Therefore, using saline and wastewater in irrigation is gaining importance because of the scarcity of the good quality water. Salt stress generally leads to a reduction in biomass production and nutrient deficiencies. This necessitates looking for an approach to overcome this problem. Among approaches used was magnetized water, which is harmless, healthy and eco-friendly. On the other hand, the availability of fertile soil suitable for crop production in the region is quite limited. Barley is important cereal crop in Egypt. Moreover, Nitrogen (N) is the main component of fertilizer programs necessary for production of high quantity and quality yield of barley. Therefore, dryland barley growers are looking for N fertilizer response information that addresses grain quality and quantity. 15N is one of the most common stable isotopes used in a large scale in studies of soil/plant/fertilizer relationships to monitor N fertilizer application and utilization. This study aims to (i) study the effect of different levels of salinity stress on plant. (ii) Study the effect of the magnetized Water on plant. (iii) Study the transportation of 15N in plant parts. (iv) Study the effect of the magnetized water on N uptake by plant.
To reach the research objectives, a pot experiment was conducted in green house at Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear research
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Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abou-Zaabal. The experimental design was split-split plot design with three replicates. Three factors (i.e. magnetized water; saline water; nitrogen fertilization with 15N tracer technique) were studied comparing to control treatment.
Saline irrigation water was prepared by mixing seawater with tap water to represent the previously specified levels of salinity (four salinity levels plus control, tap water, were applied). Magnetized water was prepared by passing the irrigation water through a magnetic field using magnetic device (i.e. two treatments were applied; non-magnetized and magnetized). All plots were received the recommended rates of maco-nutrients (P and K). Micronutrients (i.e. Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were applied to plants as a spray according to the Egyptian ministry of agriculture. Five N application rates were employed to evaluate their effect and interaction with salinity and magnetization of irrigation water. Emission spectrometer is used in this study to determine 15N/14N ratios and monitor N uptake by barley plants to distinguish between derived from fertilizer and soil. Nitrogen - phosphorus - potassium - sodium - dry weight) were measured in straw, grain, roots, soil and whole plant.
The results discussed the effect of magnetized water, salinity and N fertilization on the dry weight of barley (roots, straw, grains and whole plant) and uptake of N, P, K and Na by barley plants. In addition, 15N technology was followed to detect N usage by barley crop in sandy soil. The performed statistical analysis (Factorial ANOVA), generally, showed significant differences, at 5% significant level, of main effect of the three studied factors (Mgnetized irrigation water (M), salinity level of irrigation water (S) and nitrogen fertilization (N)) and their interactions, were found between all studied factors and control treatment on the dry weight of barley and the uptake of N, P, K, and Na on plant parts (i.e. roots, straw, grains and whole plant). The results showed enhanced effect of magnetized
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water and increasing N fertilizer application rate on barley growth and yield, while opposite effect was observed with increasing salinity level of irrigation water. The study indicated that magnetized water helped in reducing the harmful effect of saline irrigation water and improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. The study recommended using magnetized water to irrigate barley crop cultivated in sandy soil for higher production and better utilization of applied nitrogen fertilizer.