الفهرس 
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Abstract
Impairment has been defined by any loss or defect in the psychological, physiological, anatomical or functional structure. With regard to disability, it is any limitation or lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner or within a range that is considered natural to humans. Objective: - To study the prevalence of disability among children under 12 years of age in order to provide basic information to researchers who are ready for future research targeting programs of prevention and treatment of disability. Material and method: - A descriptive cross-sectional study on 653 children in the primary health care units and primary schools in Dakahlia governorate. Questions about disability (duration, gender, character, and location, medical and physical treatment) as well as a questionnaire for healthcare team members to check the level of knowledge of team members. RESULTS:- The current study showed that 57 (8.73%) of the 653 children screened were disabled, and more than 90% of these defects were treatable. The prevalence of disability among children in this study varied according to their age, 2.2% among children under 6 years and 12.3% in children> 6 years with a statistically significant difference. . This study showed a higher disability rate among the urban population (12.9%) compared to the rural (7.0%) with significant differences The eye examination showed that about 8.5% of the children in this study had impaired visual acuity and used glasses. Great between sex or residence Regarding the performance evaluation of employees (Doctors and nurses) who performed this work during the examination of children, 90.6% of them were Well and 9.4% average, because they received a training course on how to identify and diagnose a disabled child before starting their work CONCLUSION: - The prevalence of disability among children from 0.4% to 12.7% according to the study and evaluation tool. Another review in low-income countries pointed to problems in identifying and characterizing disability as a result of a lack of cultural tools and language to assess. This may partly explain the disparity in prevalence figures and indicate that children with disabilities are not identified or receive the necessary services. The study showed that the prevalence of disability is 8.73% among children and that the risk factors are the age of the child older than 6 years - illiteracy of parents - family history of disability - previous preeclampsia of the mother - preterm birth - and the presence of a degree of consanguinity between parents.