الفهرس 
Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 99 |  |  |
| | | from | 99 | | |
Abstract
The combination of clinical examination and MRI could improve the accuracy of phenotypic characterization of patients with muscular dystrophy, and this in turn could allow a more focused molecular analysis through muscle biopsy or genetic investigation. This may also be very helpful in the assessment of the degree of muscle compromise not only in the early phases of the disease but also during the follow-up and can be used especially in therapeutic trials.
Recently introduced advanced and quantitative MRI methods are quite promising including T2 relaxation time measurements and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, it is challenging in terms of quantification and further specification of the disease process and disease monitoring (114).
MRI plays a central role in delineating muscle anatomy and morphology, and providing characterization of muscle composition and its alterations. It is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of acute traumatic musculotendinous injuries of the lower limb. It can provide useful information about the extent and location of the injury as well as associated bone, meniscal, and ligamentous injuries(112).
Soft-tissue tumors and tumor like lesions are encountered often in daily radiologic practice. The vast array of benign and malignant entities can make lesion diagnosis overwhelming for the radiologist. By systematically using clinical history, lesion location, mineralization on radiographs, and SI characteristics on MR images, the radiologist can develop a short and appropriate differential diagnosis. MR images can be particularly useful for characterizing benign lesions that do not require imaging follow-up or biopsy, such as lipomas and ganglia. In cases where a soft-tissue lesion is indeterminate on the basis of clinical and imaging features, biopsy should be considered (115).
The purpose of our study is to assess the role of MRI in detection and evaluation of muscle diseases.
Our study included 30 patients ; males represented 60% of all patients while females represented 40 % (12 females and 18 males) with their age ranged from 3 to 75 years (mean age was 36.37 years).
Regarding the occupation ;among the studied cases was specialists had the highest affection
According to residence among the studied cases the urban area cases were 56.7% of the highest among the studied cases .
About the underlying cause of lesion among our studied cases the non- traumatic lesions were 20 cases (66.7 %) and 10 cases (33.3%) of the studied cases had history of trauma.
According to symptoms and systematic comorbidities among the studied cases, the most frequent symptoms among the studied cases were pain, swelling and skin discoloration (36.7%, 16.7% and 6.7% respectively). Also 2 cases only had systematic comorbidity one case had cancer breast and the other had hemolytic disorders.
As to MRI findings , 76.7% had benign lesions most frequently hemangioma (10%) , complete tendon achilles tear ,partial thickness tear of tendon Achilles, posterior tibio-talar ligament sprain, intra muscular hematoma , fatty degeneration , intra muscular lipoma and ganglionic cyst (6.7 % ) for each and anterior talo-fibular ligament sprain , tibialis posterior & felxor tendons tenosynovitis,
post traumatic infection + callus, intramuscular inflammatory lesion, myositis ossificans and intra muscular abscesses(3.3%) for each one.
Also 23.3% presented with malignant lesion, majority was metastasis from other tumors (13.3%) , neurogenic tumors (6.7%) and intrta-muscular sarcoma (3.3%).
The sensitivity of MRI in detection of malignant lesions compared to histo-pathology and clinical diagnosis as gold standered methods was 83.3%, specificity was 91.7% and accuracy was 90% and there were statistical significance agreement between two methods by Kappa test.