الفهرس 
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Abstract
Recently, surface Nile water is insufficient to meet all Egyptian demand, especially in the future due to population increase, so groundwater can partially help to provide some new projects with a large amount of water.
10 groundwater samples were selected from the following cities: Tala (I), Baraka Saba (II), Shuhada (III), Qweisna (IV), Shebin El Koum V, Menouf, VI, Sars, VIII, Ashmon, IX and Sadat City for 40 samples of groundwater in 2017 representing four different seasons. Water samples were collected and stored for analysis Physical and chemical tests.
The main ions and cations (K +, Na +, Mg2 +, Ca2 +, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, CO32-) were studied with trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Al, Cu, As ,B) and used to assess the hydrochemical properties of groundwater, as well as nutrient salt )NO3- ، PO42- ( and the analysis of different water quality variables was carried out as follows: pH ، EC، Turb، Talk, TH، TDS ، TSS) - The results obtained from physiochemical analysis of the and compounds to be tested as well as applications on water quality were as follows: The mean value of turbidity values for NTU is 3.2 and in a range of 0.87 - 10.31. PH values ranged from 7.11 for sample V in September to 7.98 for sample X in January.
- EC values were in the range of 221 to 1048 μS / cm (average annual 612 ± 204 μS / cm), the EC value may be high for groundwater due to the high amount of dissolved inorganic substances.
TDS and TH, total alkali and chloride content within the allowable limits, as well as certain elements and compounds such as calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium are all below the limits and the following compounds such as phosphates, sulfurates, silicates, nitrates and some heavy metals such as Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, As, B and TOC are all acceptable and have no risk. In contrast, elements have been found to exceed the permissible limits at varying rates, such as fluoride and iron.
Water quality for drinking purposes: The WQI results obtained for the various sampling sites under the layer of good water quality (26-50) were found to be poor water quality (51-75). Water type and WQI calculation can be classified for samples. 80% of groundwater samples represent good water quality, while 20% indicate poor water for drinking purposes. Samples from the site of Barka el-Sabaa (Site II) and Baagour (Site VIII) (Site IV) showed signs of low quality in drinking water compared to other sites. Using the SPSS data method and obtaining the PCA values showing the WQI at each station and in the four seasons, the highest water quality index was found to be between 0.70 and 0.95 in stations II (pool of seven) and VI (Manof), respectively.
Water quality index for irrigation:
- In fact, Na% of all samples were within the permissible limits. The results also indicated that the groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation purposes. The calculated SAR data in the groundwater in the study area is within the range between 1.25 at station I and 3.20 at station VII in January, All of which are much smaller than the safe value 9 and without any damage. This means that all water samples analyzed can be used for irrigation.
- RSC values ranged from 2.52 in Station IV to 3.45 at Station VI in July. All groundwater samples are located at the appropriate limits, except for stations V and VI located at inappropriate limits. MR values varied in the study area. All groundwater samples Located within the limits of MR except for Station VIII, which was 51.81 mg.
- SAR, Na%, RSC, and MR of groundwater in Menoufia Governorate indicate that most of the water has no risk of irrigation.