الفهرس 
Fisheries and AquacultureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The study was conducted under the supervision of the Animal Production Department at the Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, in cooperation with the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt, to assess the effect of agricultural and industrial wastewater and its content on some heavy metals on histopathological alterations in liver, kidney, testes, ovary, and spleen of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ate different seasons (winter, spring, summer, and autumn) in El-Rahawy and El-Kanater – Rashid Branch - River Nile. Water and fish samples were collected (12 fish / season) with a length ranging from 13.5 to 26.1 cm and a weight between 50 - 315 g during the seasons of the year. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Physical characteristics:- Temperature (0C) The maximum value was (32.9oC) recorded during summer at El-Rahawy drain, while the minimum value (15oC) was recorded during winter at El-Kanater El- Khayria station Transparency The highest transparency value 120 cm was recorded during summer at El-Kanater El-Khyria (I), while lowest value 10 cm was recorded during winter at site III (discharge point of El-Rahawy drain). 2. Chemical characteristics Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH values) The highest value (8.4) was recorded during summer at El-Kanater El- Khayria station, while the lowest value (6.85) was recorded during winter at El- Rahawy drain station. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) The result showed that the minimal value (0mg/l) was recorded at station III( discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during four seasons while the maximal value (9mg/l) was recorded at El-Kanater El-Khyria station during autum and winter. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) The results showed the maximal value (61.4mg/l) was recorded at station III (discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during While, the minimum value (5 mg/l) was recorded at El-Kanater El-Kahyria station during winter. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) The highest value 50 mg/l was recorded at III (discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during summer season while the lowest value 19.2 mg/l was recorded at El-Kanater El-Kahyria station during winter. 3. Nutrient salts Ammonia (NH3) The highest value 19.155 mg/l was recorded at III( discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during summer season while the lowest value 0.245 mg/l was recorded at El-Kanater El-Kahyria station during autumn Nitrite (NO-2) The highest value 476.5 μg/l was recorded at III( discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during autumn season while the lowest value 4.5 μg/l was recorded at El-Kanater El-Kahyria station during Nitrate (NO-3) The highest value 455.3 μg/l was recorded at III( discharge point of El-Rahawy drain) during winter season while the lowest value 13.5 μg/l was recorded at El-Kanater El-Kahyria station during winter. 4. Concentration of heavy metals in the muscles The accumulation ranges of heavy metal in the muscle (edible part) was observed at different levels and iron was highest followed by zinc, manganese, copper and lead as follows: Iron (1.09 – 2.07 mg / L), Manganese (0.074 - 0.115 mg / l), Zinc (0.315 - 0.399 mg / l), Lead (0.005 – 0.015 mg / L), and Copper (0.03 – 0.25 mg / L).