الفهرس 
Chapter One: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The kinetics and thermodynamics of the esterification of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids using a batch reactor are described in this study. Effect of relevant factors on ester conversion, such as reaction temperature, dose of sulphuric acid as a catalyst, and methanol/free fatty acids (FFAS) (oleic, linoleic and Linolenic acid) mole ratios are studied. The results showed that the maximum conversion of oleic and linoleic were 88% at 40:1 methanol/ free fatty acids (FFAS) molar ratio, temperature of 68°C, catalyst 2 wt. % of free fatty acids (FFAS) and reaction time 30 min. A pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was proposed for the esterification. Temperature effect on the rate constants is represented by Arrhenius equation, and the activation energy was found to be 13.35, 43.42 and 45.51 KJ/mole for linolenic, linoleic and oleic acid, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters including ΔG, ΔS, and ΔH were determined. Thermodynamic studies have revealed that the reaction was a non-spontaneous and endothermic one.