الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALEOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cancers figure among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Around one third of cancer deaths are due to the 5 leading behavioral and dietary risks: high body mass index, low fruit and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol use.
Cancer arises from interaction between a person’s genetic factors and 3 categories of external agents, including:
• Physical carcinogens, such as ultraviolet and ionizing radiation;
• Chemical carcinogens, such as asbestos, components of tobacco smoke, aflatoxin (a food contaminant) and arsenic (a drinking water contaminant);
• Biological carcinogens, such as infections from certain viruses, bacteria or parasites.
Treatment works best when cancer is found early. The primary goal is to cure cancer or to considerably prolong life. Improving the patient’s quality of life is also an important goal. It can be achieved by supportive or palliative care and psychological support.
Diet is thought to account for about one-third of cancer in the United States, but the specific factors are only slowly being clarified.
A healthy diet helps protect against malnutrition in all its forms, as well as non communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer.
Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are leading global risks to health.
Eating at least 400 g, or 5 portions, of fruits and vegetables per day reduces the risk of NCDs, and helps ensure an adequate daily intake of dietary fiber. Reducing the amount of total fat intake to less than 30% of total energy intake helps prevent unhealthy weight gain in the adult population.