الفهرس 
HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE OF NAVIGATION, VISUALIZATION AND IMAGING IN NEUROSURGERYOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The clinical manifestations of brain lesions usually appear late when their size gets large. Radical surgical removal of these lesions is fairly risky because of the deep location and the close relation to the surrounding cortical functional areas, brain stem, important nerves, and blood vessels. The most important prognostic factors are the effective rate of surgical removal and avoiding occurrence of severe complications. That’s why total surgical excision for successful treatment is very challenging for neurosurgeons
Cysts and cystic-appearing intracranial lesions are common findings with routine cerebral imaging examination. These lesions often represent a challenge in diagnosis. Intracranial cystic lesions have wide pathologic and imaging spectra, of which some require an aggressive and tailored treatment, whereas many others remain asymptomatic and do not require follow-up or intervention. Intracranial cysts can be divided in non-neoplastic lesions that are often of developmental origin.