الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the present study, sero-negative for FMDV native breed calves (6-12 months of
age) were used to study the cytokine profile including IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ and antibody
response of calves vaccinated with mucosal nanoparticulate vaccine using Chitosan
nanoparticles and conventional inactivated trivalent FMD vaccine. Expression of Th1
and Th2 was determined using quantitative ELISA. Lymphocytic proliferation assays,
Virus neutralization test to determine the Antibody titer and characterization of
nanoparticle were done. Challenge test was carried out with a heterologous serotype of
the same strain O/ East Africa 3 (EA-3). Indeed, the study reports the role of both
nanoparticle and oil adjuvant in stimulating the cellular response for inactivated
vaccine and the heterotypic protection.