الفهرس 
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Abstract
Selenium is an essential biological trace element, it is an essential element for living organisms as well. Selenium is also one of food contents that are characterized by a great diversity and Se enriched food are considered the main sources of dietary supplement of Selenium.
Selenium is very important for many physiological processes, especially for the functions of immune and reproductive systems, metabolism of thyroid hormones, as well as antioxidant defense such as cancer, HIV, hepatitis B and C, Alzheimer’s, thyroid, male infertility, acute watery diarrhea. Seleniumis also seemed most importance in feeding pregnant, nursing mothers, and children and raising the level of the immune system.
Moreover Seleniumdeficiency in body lead many problem such as Keshan disease, also observed cardiomyopathy, Osteoarthropathy syndrome, Kashin-Beck disease,and associated with increased incidence of cancer. Recently, there has been a significant correlation between Se and lipids in human body, making it very important and interesting in nutrition clinics.
The aim of this study is to determine Se content in most common Egyptian food, in order to provide reference development of Se enriched food as a sources of Selenium supplement.
A cross sectional study was designed Nine food categories carbohydrate rich food, milk and its products, meat and its products, fruits and vegetables, protein rich food, nuts, fats, sweets, and beverages, Ten food items were selected form each group. A total of 90 food samples were analyzed.
The present study revealed the following main results:
Beverages noted that the highest Se content 4.3µg/g which found in fenugreek, while the lowest value 0.002ml/l was found in coca-cola.
Bee honey contain the highest Se content among sweeteners followed by black honey 6.2, 3.1 µg/g respectively,whereas the lowest amount of Selenium was found in the Gelatin 0.001 µg/g. Carbohydrates revealed that the highest Se level 2.1 μg / g was found in corn, and the lowest value was present in toast then Shami bread 0.023μg / g and 0.014 μg / g respectively.
Protein rich foods revealed higher Selenium content compared to other groups. Specifically, the highest value 6.8 µg/g of Selenium appeared in shrimp, followed by 5.8 µg/g in crab, then 4.2 µg/g in ducks. On the other hand, lowestSe value was evident in the beans 0.26 µg/g.
Fat showed that the highest Se content in local food as butter 4.4 µg/g and margarine 4.1 µg/g, whereas lowest values 0.0033 µg/g of Selenium was observed in industrialbutter.
Meat highlighted that the highet value 3.62 µg/g of Selenium was found in liver, followed by sheep meat 2.2 µg/g, while lowest value noted in lanceon0.001 µg/g.Milk and milk products showed that Se values were relatively high 2.63 µg/g, 2.12 µg/g, and 1.25 µg/g in local yogurt, full-fat yogurt, full cream milk, respectively, while other samples demonstrated lowest levels of Se content special in soft cheese (0.0036 µg/g).
In nuts, Se content was high in more than half of samples. The highest value (5.89µg/g) was found in sesame seeds, while the lowest (0.028µg/g) was found in cashew.
Maximum Selenium content were observed in protein rich food,sweeteners products,then nuts and fat groups as following 6.8, 6.2, 5.89, and 4.4 respectively other wises, the minimums Se content were observed in drinks,fat group,meat and it’s products sweetener products and milk and it’s products.
The highest content of Selenium was found in Egyptian food in the high protein lunch group and the largest content found in shrimp then Craband Ducks.
There was a high content of Selenium in nuts, fats and sweeteners while it was Se content were observed in drinks,fat group,meat and milk and it’s products.
Conclusion and Recommendations
Encourage different age groups to eat protein-rich foods and nuts due to they contain high amount of selenium.
Drink Fenugreek with honey and avoid drinking soft drinks.
The need to develop nutrition awareness programs and community education program through mother and child centers.
Attention must be paid to the daily intake of selenium to avoid diseases caused by selenium deficiency.
Butter fat and natural oils are better than hydrogenated fats.