الفهرس 
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Abstract
Lung cancer is among the most deadly cancers for both men and women. The incidence of lung cancer can be broadly classifiedinto two major types on the basis of histologic appearance,one being small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and theother being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
The treatment of NSCLCs usually involves a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy.
Currently, nonspecific and non-selective chemotherapies are delivered cause severe systemic toxicities to the patient and effective therapeutic concentrations may not be reaching the tumor site. Nanoparticle loaded with anticancer drugs has become an important research area in cancer therapy that may ultimately provide a way of sustained, controlled and targeted drug delivery to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the side effects. NPs are targeted to special types of cells or tissues, passively and/or actively.
The targeting ligands are attached at the surface of the nanoparticles for binding to a receptor overexpressed by tumor cells or tumor vasculature and low expressed by normal cells. Zein-based nanoparticles are a homogeneous matrix system that hydrophobic drug could be physically dispersed to zein NPs which is closely related to the intrinsic hydrophobic property of zein molecules.
The structure of zein (for amino and carboxylic group) gives good chance for conjugation of targeting ligand on surface of NPs. In other hand, solid lipid nanoparticles composed of solid lipid, dispersed in aqueous surfactant solution and their advantages are ability of incorporating hydrophobic drugs, improving drug stability, possibility of controlled release, and a higher safety threshold due to avoidance of organic solvents.
Over the years, the design of NPs has shifted from simple to more complex core–shell architecture to combination therapy that involving two to three drugs. This system increases the therapeutic effectiveness, reduces the dosage of each drug and overcomes multidrug resistance (MDR).One of NPs that represents thissystem is hybrid lipid -polymer nanoparticles that combine the superior characteristics of polymer nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles like high drug loading efficiency, high stability and biocompatibility, controlled release properties, and increased drug stability.
The concept of local drug delivery is proposed as a method for delivering high drug concentrations to the target site while preventing exposure of vital organs to toxic drug concentrations in the systemic circulation. In this way, systemic side effects are minimized.
The respiratory system has a large surface area, thin alveolar epithelium, rapid absorption, lack of first-pass metabolism, high bioavailability, and the capacity to absorb large quantities of drug, making it an optimal route of drug administration. Therefore, The Inhalation delivery is more effective administration route in treatment lung cancer than traditional methods due to local accumulation and low toxicity for chemotherapeutic drugs.
This thesis is a focus highlighting on the usage of novel strategy of hybrid lipid polymer NPs delivery systems for the treatment of lung cancer.