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Abstract Summary Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory neurological disease of the central nervous system (CNS) . Some recent models support the presence of two connected mechanisms, inflammation and neurodegeneration . Lesions of MS typically develop at different times and in different CNS locations (i.e., MS is said to be disseminated in time and space) .MS attacks the myelinated axons in the CNS, destroying the myelin and the axons to varying degrees. The retina is a good model for the study of neurodegeneration since it lacks myelin, meaning that changes in the GCL and RNFL thickness will be due only to axonal damage . The aim of this study to correlate between structural changes in retina- imaged by OCT ( GCL and RNFL ) and optic nerve function recorded by VEP in MS patients. The study was conducted on 30 eyes of patients with MS. 15 eyes of MS ON patients and 15 eyes of MS NON patients . In control group, 10 eyes of normal subjects in same age group . We studied OCT findings of MS patients ( average GCL thickness and average RNFL thickness ) , Visual evoked Potentials parameters ( P 100 peak time and N75-P100 amplitude ) and visual Field mean deviation VF MD . We reported a statistical significant thinning of GCL and RNFL in MS patient especially MS ON more than normal subjects |