الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study was performed to identify the different female genital system abnormalities starting from ovaries to vagina which may interfere with fertility in she-camels. A total of 500 female genital system of non-pregnant one-humped imported female camels, aged between 6-15 years old were collected randomly from various slaughter houses in the Giza governrate. Specimens from genital tract were examined both morphologically and histopathologically using routine and special stains as well as histomorphometrical analysis. Some specimens were subjected to bacteriological and virological examinations. 219 (43.8%) out of total 500 samples collected and examined revealed different types of pathological alterations. The highest pathological abnormalities were observed in the uterus (30.4%), followed by those in the ovary (29.4%), cervix (4.8), vagina (4.2%) and finally oviducts (2.2%). Among those lesions, Endometritis (94/500) 18.8%) contributes the most common pathological lesion followed by ovarian cyst (41/500; 8.2%). Other pathological conditions included were ovarian tumors (6.8%), paraovarian cyst (4%), oophritis (4%), brown pigmentation of interstitial cells (4.4 %), inactive ovary (1.2%) , ovariobursal adhesion (0.8%), endomyometritis (0.6%), metritis (3%) and perimetritis (1%), pyometra (0.4%) endometrial hyperplasia(1.4%), adenomyosis (6%) and hydrometra (0.6%). Abnormalities like ovarian and uterine pigmentations, uterine congestion were also recorded.
Regarding cervix and vagina, the observed pathological lesions included cervicitis (4.2%), hyperplasia (0.4%), metaplasia (0.2%) of the cervical epithelium in addition to vginitis (4.2%), whereas those of oviduct included catarrhal salpingitis (1.4%), hyperplasia of the oviductal epithelium (0.8%) and hydrosalpnix (0.6%). Microbiological isolation from different parts of the genital tract revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, E.coli , Klebsiella pneumonae and Candida albicans. Viral isolation revealed bovine herpes virus type1 in two cases.