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Abstract It is concerned that the installation of small-scale Distributed Generation (DG) to the distribution grid may cause voltage instability and power quality problems to customers. The expansion of Photovoltaic (PV) on low voltage grid has raised concern to Distribution Network Operators (DNO) due to the negative impact of high penetration level of PV which tends to affect the operation, control and security of the traditional distribution feeder. The negative impacts are protection issues, increased losses, transformer and cable rating issues, sudden voltage rise, voltage unbalance, the operation of On-Line Tap Changers (OLTC) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) and reverse power flow which has affected the behavior of the traditional low voltage (LV) grid. This thesis presents maximum power point tracking techniques based on proportional-integral (PI) and Fraction order Proportional Integral (FOPI) finetuned by Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). The stability of a hybrid typical PV-diesel system located at Siwa oasis through Demand Side Management (DSM) techniques, so we present DSM techniques in the smart grid, which helps in enhancing the dynamic stability of a hybrid PV and diesel system which was affected by the expansion of the renewable resources of power. The Simulation results proved in this thesis show the improvement in the system dynamic performance using the proposed techniques. Different scenarios of sun radiation and ambient temperature are used in this study to ensure the stability of the overall system. The actual measurement of the temperature and solar radiation were taken off the oasis. Optimization of the operation of the under-study system is the main objective of this thesis. |