الفهرس 
Clinical and radiographic studies of FCOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pulpotomy is a therapeutic procedure, which consists of the surgical amputation of coronally inflamed pulp. The wounded surface of the radicular pulp is treated with a medicament or dressing agent to promote healing or to cause fixation of the underlying tissue. The objective is to maintain vitality of the radicular pulp. Formocresol has been a popular pulpotomy medicament in the primary dentition for the past 60 years. Formocresol continues to be the most widely used pulpotomy medicament for vital primary teeth. The search for a medicament to replace formocresol became imperative after several negative reports questioning both its local and systemic side effects In the last decades, there has been a remarkable increase of public interest in omega 3polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their potential impact on human health. These fatty acids are not synthesized in the human body and are ingested as dietary components or oral supplements. ω3 PUFA are found in appreciable amounts in fatty fish, and it possess anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and antibacterial properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the histopathological findings and immunohistochemical new blood vessel formation after using FC and different formulations of ω3 in primary molars of dogs as well as antibacterial and cytotoxicity of these different agents. The experimental in vivo study was conducted on twelve puppies one to two months of age at three different intervals. Each puppy received all types of treatments. Eight pulpotomies were done in each puppy. Two of the remaining molars were left untreated as -ve control (normal pulp tissue in puppy). The pulpotomies were performed under general anesthesia. Different capping materials, involving different formulations of ω3 and FC were applied after pulpotomy in each puppy. The puppies were kept in animal house and maintained on soft diet till the time of sacrificing which was done by overdose anesthesia at three different intervals 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The results of histological study revealed that; paste and neat ω3 showed less inflammation and more preservation of odontoblastic layer than gel which showed severe inflammation and FC which showed severe inflammation to necrosis. There was statistical difference between all groups at 4 and 6 weeks. In relation to immunohistochemical study, the ω3 formulations and neat ω3 appeared to enhance the new blood vessels formation especially at 4 weeks interval. On the other hand FC appered to decrease new blood vessels formation in all intervals. For antibacterial assay, resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) was used successfully to detect the agent resistance to different oral pathogens including: staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus mutans and candida albicans. The MIC was determined visually as the lowest concentration showing no change in color. Staphylococcus aureus was shown to be resistant to omega 3 with the highest tested concentration of omega 3; while, streptococcus mutans and candida albicans were shown to be sensitive to ω 3. All organisms were resistant to MC and MC/ ω3 combination except candida albicans which was sensitive to MC / ω3combination. As for Zno and their combinations, all organisms showed sensitivity to ZnO and higher sensitivity to ZnO combinations.The three microorganisms were shown to be sensitive to FC at the same MIC. In relation to Cytotoxicity assay, different formulations were tested using 96 well plate. The optical density (OD) of neutral red extract was measured using spectrophotometer, using blanks which contain no cells as a reference. Higher optical density was taken as a measure for the cell survival. The cells were checked for viability using inverted microscope. The results showed that FC , ZnO and ZnO/Tw/Eth had cytotoxic effects with lower survival rate of cells. Absence of cytotoxicity after incubation with (ZnO/ Tw/Eth ω 3; Tw/Eth; MC; and MC/Tw/Eth) in comparison to control. And there was no cytotoxic effect in cases of MC/Tw/Eth/ω 3 and Tw/Eth/ω 3 which showed higher survival rate of normal cells. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that: Omega 3 is considered as favorable pulpotomy agent especially in the form of paste and neat oil rather than gel when compared to formocresol in treating pulps in dogs, as it has angiogenic ability, better antibacterial effect in combination with ZnO and no cytotoxic effect on human cells.