الفهرس 
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Abstract
One of the most important reasons of endodontic treatment failure is the persistence or survival of microorganisms in the complex root canal system or periapical area; therefore, the success of endodontic treatment depends, to a great degree, on the elimination of microorganisms from the root canal system through mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation. Profound irrigation of the canals with antimicrobial solutions is an important step to decrease the number of microorganisms or eliminate them from the root canal system. E. faecalis has been reported in high prevalence in primary endodontic infections affecting children.
The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of dracaena cinnabari resin with chlorhexidine 2% and Sodium hypochlorite 2.5% when used as root canal irrigants in extracted primary teeth contaminated with E. faecalis bacteria.
Fifty extracted primary teeth were decoronated and only the roots were used in this study, randomly divided into six groups; four experimental groups, one positive control group and one negative control group as follows: DC group: consisted of 10 roots that were contaminated and irrigated with DC resin methanol extract solution, NaOCl group: consisted of 10 roots that were contaminated and irrigated with 2.5% Sodium hypochlorite, CHX group: consisted of 10 roots that were contaminated and irrigated with 2% Chlorhexidine digluconate solution, 50% ethanol group: consisted of 10 roots that were contaminated and irrigated with 50% ethanol, Positive control group: consisted of 5 roots that were contaminated but NOT irrigated and Negative control group: consisted of 5 roots that were not contaminated nor irrigated.
After mechanical preparation of the root canals employing the step back preparation technique reaching master apical file size #40 to standardize the diameter of all the canals, sterilization of all samples were carried out using Andromeda vacuum xp autoclave at 121 degree °C and 15 PSI pressure for 20 minutes.
Bacterial contamination with the E. feacalis of the experimental groups were carried out, assigning each group to its selected irrigation solution for 5 minutes then samples were collected from the canals using sterile paper points and colony-forming units of bacteria were enumerated.
There was a significant difference in the antibacterial efficacy in different groups. The highest bacterial count was found in positive control group followed by group treated by 50% ethanol then samples treated by DC resin, then samples treated with NaOCl, then samples treated with CHX, while in negative control samples no bacteria were detected.
For the reduction percentage change, there was a significant difference in percentage change of reduction from positive control group in different groups (P<0.001). The highest percentage change was found in group treated by CHX (99.92±0.04), then samples treated with NaOCl (99.76±0.08), then samples treated by DC resin (99.52±0.12), while the lowest percentage change was found in group treated by 50% ethanol (93.31±0.87).
Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that antibacterial properties of DC resin methanolic extract when used as irrigating material is effective but not as CHX and NaOCl irrigating solutions in treating infected primary teeth.