الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia shows variability in its clinical presentation and course. CLL can present as an aggressive and life threating leukemia or as an indolent form that will not require treatment over decades.
The currently available clinical staging systems for CLL are simple and inexpensive but lack accuracy to predict disease progression and survival on an individual basis. The increased understanding of the key events of molecular pathogenesis has provided a plethora of novel molecular and biological factors that correlate with the outcome of CLL.
CLL is characterized by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of mature CD5+ B cells within the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. It is now well recognized that several genetic and molecular events are responsible for development of CLL. The diagnosis of CLL is established by blood count, blood smear and immunophenotyping of the circulating lymphocytes.
The clinical features of CLL include lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, constitutional symptoms, propensity to infection, BM failure due to replacement of the hematopoietic compartment with malignant lymphocytes, and a predisposition to autoimmune cytopenias.
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) are a group of angiogenesis-promoting proteins that play a crucial role in primary growth, invasion and metastasis. VEGF-A is the most important and well characterized member.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia shows variability in its clinical presentation and course. CLL can present as an aggressive and life threating leukemia or as an indolent form that will not require treatment over decades.
The currently available clinical staging systems for CLL are simple and inexpensive but lack accuracy to predict disease progression and survival on an individual basis. The increased understanding of the key events of molecular pathogenesis has provided a plethora of novel molecular and biological factors that correlate with the outcome of CLL.
CLL is characterized by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of mature CD5+ B cells within the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. It is now well recognized that several genetic and molecular events are responsible for development of CLL. The diagnosis of CLL is established by blood count, blood smear and immunophenotyping of the circulating lymphocytes.
The clinical features of CLL include lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, constitutional symptoms, propensity to infection, BM failure due to replacement of the hematopoietic compartment with malignant lymphocytes, and a predisposition to autoimmune cytopenias.
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) are a group of angiogenesis-promoting proteins that play a crucial role in primary growth, invasion and metastasis. VEGF-A is the most important and well characterized member.
Summary and Conclusion
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The human VEGF gene is organized in