الفهرس 
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Abstract
Twenty mature male rats divided into four equal groups (each of 5 rats) were employed for studying the possible protective effect of vitamin E against side effects in rats treated by repaglinide. This effects was evaluated through performing some biochemical parameters, estimating of serum antioxidant enzymes as well as examine the histopathological changes.
The results revealed the following:
1. Effect on serum total proteins, albumin , globulins and A/G ratio: Rats in group (3) showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of total protein, albumin and A/G ratio.
2. Effect on liver enzymes:- Rats in group (3) showed a significant increase in the serum levels of AST , ALT and ALP. Meanwhile, treated with both repaglinide and Vit. E showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of AST, ALT and ALP which treated with repaglinide only.
3. Effect on kidney function tests: Rats in group (3) showed a significant increase (p ≤0.05) in the serum levels of urea and creatinine compared to group (1). Meanwhile, treated with both repaglinide and Vit. E showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of urea and creatinine which treated with repaglinide only.
4. serum oxidative stress markers assay: Rats in group (3) showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of SOD, CAT and Gpx enzymes compared to control group. Meanwhile, treated with both repaglinide and Vit. E showed a significant increase in the serum levels of total protein, albumin and A/G ratio which treated with repaglinide only.
In addition, Rats in group (3) showed a significant increase in the serum levels of MDA compared to group (1). Meanwhile, treated with both repaglinide and Vit. E showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of MDA compared to group (3) which treated with repaglinide only. Moreover, the rats administrated a Vit. E showed no significant difference in the serum levels of MDA compared to control one.
III. Histopathological changes: Liver sections from rats in group (1&2) showed normal hepatic lobular architecture of hepatic tissue. Meanwhile, rats in group (3) treated with repaglinide showed a focal coagulative necrosis replaced by mononuclear cell aggregation and severe portal and central vein congestion. Moreover, rats in group (4) showed an enhancement in the histopathological lesions) treated with both repaglinide and vitamin E as a mild mononuclear (lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells) aggregation with hepatocytes regeneration.