الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this work we are study the physical and chemical properties of the essential oils distilled from Lavender ,Eucalyptus ,Clove ,Mint and Rosemary .Also we study its antioxidant activity and its effect on free radicals , also we study its antimicrobial activity against (bacteria and fungi ) and the insecticidal activity against wax worm larvae. We can pref this results as following :- We bring this aromatic and medicinal oils of Lavender , Eucalyptus ,Clove ,Mint and Rosemary from local market and testesd its physical and chemical properties of the five essential oils and we found that: Eucalyptus essential oil has the high value of optical rotation (+18ᵒ ) when rosemary essential oil recorded the high value specific gravity (0.92), as for clove oil refractive index was (1.532) ,mint oil has the high value of acid number (6.73) when lavender oil ester value was (187.32).We study the chemical composition of medicinal and aromatic oils by using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry . our results showed that lavender essential oil contains 40 compounds and the main component was linalool (38.74%) .When 1.8-cineole (66.38%) is considered the main component of Eucalyptus oil . As for Clove oil the main component was caryophyllene (58.46 %) when L-(-)menthol (42.14%) was the main component of mint
essential oil, as for rosemary essential oil consist of variety compounds ,the most important compound was Triacetien (39.22%) .
We studied the antioxidant activity of the essential oils, these oils recorded agood results as antioxidants by using (DPPH) and Reducing power assay. the absorbation value of Lavender oil was ranged from 5.55 to 45.37 % ,Eucalyptus oil value ranged from 7.87 to 49.07% , Clove oil value ranged from37.5 to 73.14% , mint oil absorbation value ranged from 11.1 to 55.5 % and rosemary oil give Absorbation value ranged from 4.1 to 43.5% this results as for (DPPH) method as for reducing power method the results showed that clove oil recorded (0.738) And rosemary oil (0.453)at the same concentration.We study the antimicrobial activity of the five essential oils against five strains from Gram (-) bacteria such as (Escherichia coli ,Bacillus ,Proteus , Klebsiella) and two strains from gram (+) bacteria (streptococcus, staphylococcus) and against two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger ,candida ) , this Microorganisms caused diseases for human ,animal and plant our results showed that rosemary oil had a significant antibacterial activity against Basillus, Proteus, Pseudomonus, Klebsiella, staphylococcus, streptococcus and candida) so rosemary oil exihibted astrong inhibitory effect due to rosemary oil composition which characterized by presence of different compound included 1.8-cineole ,α-pinene ,camphor while mint oil exhibited
aweak inhibitory against two gram –ve Bacillus and proteus and no significant activity showed against pseudomonas ,Klebsiella , Staphylococcus ,streptococcus and candida .Overall other essential oils (lavender oil ,camphor oil and clove oil ) were exhibited antibacterial owing to structure and active components of essential oils in which clove oil consisted mainly from essential constituents such as eugenol ,β-caryophyllene ,2-meththoxy -4-(2-propenyl )phenol acetate and α-caryophyllene.finally our essential oils effected on the Galleria Mellonella Larvae and caused high percentage of mortality reached to 90% for Lavender oil and100% for Rosemary essential oil ,our studied essential oils effect on total protein ,alkalin phosphatase and acetylecholin esterase of the larvae this effect related to the chemical composition of this oils.