الفهرس 
Review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Breast carcinoma (BC) is a major global problem, with nearly 1.7 million new cases occurring among women worldwide each year. It is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in 140 of 184 countries worldwide. About 26% of all carcinoma cases diagnosed annually and is the second leading cause of carcinoma related death after lung carcinoma, accounting for 458,000 deaths each year. However, therapeutic failure, local recurrence and distant metastasis has been a major challenge in the treatment of breast cancer. Therefore, exploring more markers to predict responsiveness of treatment, tumor progression and potential target therapies is becoming more and more important.
Despite the advanced genetic diagnostic methods, the management of breast cancer still depends on standard clinicopathologic prognostic factors associated with immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of ER, PR and HER2. Most studies divide breast cancer into four major molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, triple negative / basal like and her-2 type). Many studies have shown that the molecular classification based on gene expression of ER, PR, and HER2 is markedly correlated with immunohistochemical testing of these markers as this classification helps to decide the suitable treatment strategy, either hormonal treatment, chemotherapy or both.
GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3 to DNA sequence [A/T]GATA[A/G]) is one of six members of a zinc finger transcription factor family, and it plays an important role in promoting and directing cell proliferation, development, and differentiation in many tissues and cell types, including luminal glandular epithelial cells of the mammary gland. GATA3 labeling by Immunohistochemistry has been demonstrated to be a highly specific marker for breast carcinomas. Loss of expression of GATA3 in breast cancer has been associated with aggressive tumors and poor survival rates.