الفهرس 
Epedimiology of pleural empyema:Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
The sterile pleural space infected by various bacteria can produce
empyema thoracis . These infections are para-pneumonic effusion, secondary
to trauma, complications of postoperative thoracic surgery, and extension of
neighboring infections . On the occasions that the empyema is not welltreated
or is complicated, significant levels of mortality and morbidity are the
results . A range of therapeutic options are available for treatment such as
percutaneous aspiration, chest tube drainage, and video-assisted
thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy decortication
procedures
There are no general guide lines for the management of PPE/PE. The
appropriate therapeutic approach should be individualized for each patient.
The stage of the pneumonia and the PPE is critical to the outcome. Early
detection and institution of adequate therapy are essential for the resolution
of PPE/PE. The evolution from one stage to the other could progress quickly
and an aggressive therapeutic modality is needed if less invasive techniques
fail (‘The sun should never set on a PPE’).
The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of
intrapleural instillation of streptokinase via thoracoscopy or image guided
chest tube in management of complicated parapneumonic effusion and
empyema and analyse patients’ outcomes.
This study was done on 53 patients during the period from June 2013
to March 2018 in two phases: starting from June 2013 - December 2015 , 27
inpatient parapneumonic effusion and empyema cases were randomly
selected in Chest Department, Tanta University, Egypt. from January 2016 -
March 2018 26 patients of parapneumonic effusion and empyema were