الفهرس 
Shoulder JointOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Shoulder joint is not a single joint but a complex joint formed of three joints strenoclavicular, acromioclavicular and gleno- humeral joints. Most common type of dislocation seen in emergency department is anterior shoulder dislocation, the humerus diplaced anteriorly. Conscious sedation always used in short therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation considered as short and simple procedure. Goals of conscious sedation in reduction of anterior shoulder dislocations are providing an adequate level of sedation, minimizing pain and anxiety, maximizing amnesia, minimizing the potential for adverse drug-related events controlling behavior, and maintaining a stable cardiovascular and respiratory status. There is no single agent provides all those qualities, so physicians must use combinations of different drugs at varying doses to achieve many of the desired goals as possible. When propofol used as a single agent for short term procedure unwanted adverse effects may develop so combination of propofol with ketamine medications may result in decreased dose of both drugs and their side effects. Midazolam is a sedative, amnestic, and anxiolytic medication with no analgesic properties. So it is used commonly with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid, a pure analgesic, it should not be used alone for conscious sedation.