الفهرس 
RETIINAL ANATOMYOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Behçet disease is a multi-system inflammatory disease, characterized by relapsing remitting inflammation. Although intraocular inflammation may involve anterior or posterior segment, the hallmark of BD is the presence of panuveitis and retinal vasculitis, and the sequelae of the posterior segment inflammation appears to be sight-threatening. Macular edema was the commonest complication of ocular affection in BD and at the same time a main reason for decrease in visual acuity followed by secondary cataract.
In our study, the male-to-female ratio is 2.8:1 and the mean age at onset in our study is 35 years with a range of 18-53 years old.
Regarding visual acuity (VA) 14 eyes (35.0%) had low visual acuity of less than (6/60), 21 eyes (52.5%) had VA between (6/60 – 6/12) and 5 eyes (12.5%) had good visual acuity of more than (6/12).
End stage disease (no PL) was found in five eyes that means the percentage of permanent visual loss is about 9%. So, more treatment advances should be found to to protect the patients from the risk of blindness.
After measuring the IOP, 6 eyes (15.0%) had elevated IOP because of the posterior synechiae causing iris bombe in 4 eyes; retinal ischemia resulting in rubiosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma in one eye; and steroid related secondary glaucoma in one eye. The majority of the eyes (85.0%) had normal IOP.
On examination by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, 33 eyes (82.5%) had anterior segment affection in the form of iridocyclitis, and the most common manifestation was flare and cells that were seen in 19 eyes (47.5%) and second common was keratic pericipitates in 6 eyes representing 15% of the eyes. cataract was found in 11 eyes (27.5%) as the commonest complication in the anterior segment.
Regarding the posterior segment, 35 eyes had retinal affection (87.5%) due to Behçet disease and 5 eyes (12.5%) are retina-free. The most common retinal affection was vasculitis in 29 eyes (72.5%), followed by optic nerve affection in 10 eyes (25.0%) then less common was retinitis in 6 eyes (15.0%).
Fluorescein angiograms showed that, 36 eyes representing 90% of the total eyes had abnormal angiogram; vascular leakage was the commonest abnormality in 29 eyes (72.5%), less common was optic disc edema in 12 eyes (30.0%), then retinitis in 6 eyes (15.0%). Macular edema was present in the angiograms of 6 eyes (15.0%).
Concerning OCT, there were abnormalities in 33 eyes (82.5%); macular edema was the most common in 21 eyes (52.5%), epiretinal membrane in 9 eyes (22.5%), then neurosensory detachment and macular hole each was seen in 4 eyes (10%).from these results, our study reveals that posterior pole affection, retinal vascular leakage, macular leakage and optic disc hyperfluorescence; all are obviously correlated with decreased visual acuity. Therefore, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography in Behçet RV are clinically impotant for predicting the visual prognosis and choosing the treatment strategy.