الفهرس 
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Abstract
Demand for electrical power across the Middle East and North Africa region is growing rapidly due to the rising population, growing urbanization, and economic growth driven by industrialization. In 2014, the government of Egypt established a feed-in tariff scheme for electricity generated from solar and wind powered plants, according to Egyptian Electric Utility for Consumer Protection and Regulatory Agency (2015). The current plan in Egypt is to install a capacity of 2.3 GW of solar powered plants by 2017.The main aim of the study is to valid the errors for all data by applying two different methods of Quality Control. In the first phase of the work, surface solar irradiation (SSI) for three Egyptian sites represent different climate (Cairo, Aswan and El-Arish) have been used to evaluate indirect solar radiation retrieval database. The retrieved database Helioclim_3 (HC3) estimate SSI [global (G), diffuse (D) and direct beam (Bn) irradiance] using Meteorological images. SSI and Helioclim_3 database cover the period from 2004 to 2010 at three sites. Different versions from Helioclim_3 database (HC3v2, HC3v4, HC3V5 and McClear) have been used in this study. Practically, the results of the validation of two different versions from HelioClim3 (HC3) database (HC3v2 and HC3v4) are presented and discussed using the high quality solar components SSI measurements elaborated in the first part of this work since, in Cairo, RMSE and R2 is very similar in QC_DG method and µ±1σ method but MBD is different in case µ±1σ since in version2 (1.8%) and in version4 (1.2%). In Aswan MBD is very different for both versions .RMSE is differs in Aswan and El-Arish a small difference and R2 is very similar for Aswan and El-Arish and finding HC3v4 is better than HC3v2. And the results of the validation of (HC3v4 and HC3v5) database are presented and discussed using the high quality solar components SSI measurements since, in Aswan, the bias is most often negative (underestimation) for two versions of HC3, but it is positive (overestimated) in case of DHI for HC3v4 and ranges between -44.2 W.m-2 (-6%) and +10.7 W.m-2 (+6%). In Cairo, the bias is often positive(overestimated), but it’s negative (underestimated) for DHI in two versions and ranges between -39.6 W.m-2 (-21%) and +112.6 W.m-2 (+21%). In EL-Arish, the bias is positive (overestimated) for GHI and is negative. (underestimated) for DHI and ranging between -9.3 W.m-2 (-5%) and +20.9 W.m-2 (+4%) and resulting HC3v4 is better than HC3v5 for Cairo and El-Arish stations.The validation is performed for all-sky conditions as well as in cloud-free conditions. In the latter case, another comparison is made by the estimates of the McClear. The comparison clear sky data of McClear, HC3v4 and HC3v5 with measurements SSI showed that McClear provides low error results of relative RMSE for Aswan and Cairo respectively. Finally, the fourth version HelioClim-3 (HC3v4) was selected as the best reliable version for solar energy applications and any research that needs solar radiation data on Egyptian territory.