الفهرس 
Anatomy of the Caudal Space in ChildrenOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: This study was designed to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and nalbuphine as adjuvant to bupivacaine on onset and duration of block and post-operative analgesia during caudal anesthesia for children undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery.
Methods: this prospective randomized controlled, double blind clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients were randomly divided into 2 study groups each group contains 30 patients: (group D): 1ml/kg Bupivacaine + 2μ/kg dexmedetomidine. (group N): 1ml/kg Bupivacaine + 0.2mg/kg nalbuphine. Patients were observed for onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, duration of analgesia, postoperative pain, and adverse effects.
Result: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding demographic data (age, sex, weight and duration of anesthesia). No adverse effects were recorded in the first 6 hours in all patients. No postoperative hallucination, nausea, vomiting, allergy or significant decrease in heart rate and blood pressure changes of clinical significance were reported. Postoperative FLACC pain scores were significantly less in (group D) and to a lesser extent in (group N) (p-value < 0.05).
Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine was more effective and provided longer duration of analgesia than nalbuphine when added to caudal bupivacaine in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery.