الفهرس 
Biofilm definitionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Antimicrobial agents have been used for the last 70 years to treat patients who have infectious diseases. However, these drugs have been used for long time that the infectious organisms have adapted to them through different mechanisms. Bacterial biofilms cause chronic infections because they show increased tolerance to antibiotics and disinfectants as well as body’s defense system. Bacteria in biofilms embed themselves in extracellular matrix that acts as shield from antibacterials and help them to overcome harsh nutritional and environmental conditions. One promising way of disabling biofilm resistance is through breaking up this matrix using biosurfactants. A. baumannii & P. aeruginosa isolated from Egyptian hospitals were tested for their antibiotic resistance and ability to form biofilm. Out of 22 Multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolates, 100 % were biofilm formers. While in A. baumannii out of 36 MDR, 77% showed biofilm formation ability.
The anti-biofilm activity of a bio-surfactant extracted from Bacillus subtilis was tested against biofilms of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. The dispersion of biofilm occurred in 44-46 % of P. aeruginosa and 64% - 66 % of A. baumannii. using 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml of the Bacillus subtilis extract.
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Keywords: Biofilm, Multi-drug resistant, Anti-biofilm, Bio-surfactant, Bacillus subtilis.