الفهرس 
Anatomy of Lower Leg CompartmentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute lower extremity compartment syndrome is a condition that untreated causes irreversible nerve and muscle ischemia. Treatment by decompression fasciotomy without delay prevents permanent disability. As an infrequent complication of lower extremity trauma, consequences of CS include chronic pain, nerve injury, and contractures (Lollo and Grabinsky, 2016).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role and value of fasciotomy of leg muscle to prevent compartmental syndrome in trauma patients.
This study was conducted in General Surgery Department, Menoufia University Hospital and Hurghada general hospital. It included 20 patients with acute leg trauma and suspected acute compartmental syndrome in the period from Janurary 2016 to June 2017. They were classified into 2 groups; group A consisted of 10 patients that had 3 or more criteria of the clinical examination so they had fasciotomy and group B consisted of 10 patients that had less than 3 criteria of the clinical examination so they were observed.
We found that the difference between both groups according to the age and sex of patients was insignificant. And the difference between both groups according to pain with dorsiflexion ,decrease pulse ,increase analgesic requirements ,tense swelling and time passed from truma to swelling was significant.
In group A, 9 patients (45%) had successful fasciotomy with no need to go back to the operating theatre for further debridement while 1 patient (5%) required redebridement in the operating theatre. He had amputation due to septicemia. In group B, 7 patients (35%) had successful conservation while 3 patients (15%) required fasciotomy for developed CS. The difference between both groups was not significant.
In our study, 3 patients (15%) died from multiple organ failure; 1 patient in group A and 2 patients in group B. The difference was not significant.
The mean length of hospital stay in group A was 9 ± 2.357 days with a range of 5-13 days while it was 5.5 ± 2.877 days with a range of 3-12 in group B. The difference was significant (p 0.008).